色季拉山冷杉群落结构及物种多样性分析.docVIP

色季拉山冷杉群落结构及物种多样性分析 　　摘要：采用实地调查的方法对西藏色季拉山冷杉（Abies Mill.）物种展开研究。结果表明，色季拉山冷杉群落乔木层有2种，灌木层有13种，草本层有28种。冷杉群落乔木层树木种类比较单一，除生长的优势种急尖长苞冷杉[A. georgei Hand.-Mazz. var. smithii（Viguié Gaussen）C. Y. Cheng，W. C. Cheng L. K. Fu]外（重要值为77.7%），仅有伴生种西南花楸（Sorbus rehderiana Koehne）共生（重要值为22.3%）；对灌木层和草本层阴坡、阳坡2个不同坡向生长的物种多样性进行对比分析，结果阳坡的Patrick丰富度指数R、Simpson多样性指数D和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′都高于阴坡；同时，随海拔高度升高，物种数量呈现减少的趋势。 　　关键词：冷杉（Abies Mill.）；群落结构；物种多样性；多样性指数；色季拉山 　　中图分类号：S791.149.54+2（275） 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）22-5864-04 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.22.035 　　Analysis on the Community Structure and Tree Species Diversity of 　　Abies in Sygera Mountains 　　QIAN Deng-fenga，REN De-zhib，ZHANG Boa，ZHANG Zhi-weia 　　（a.Department of Resources and Environment； b.Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology， 　　Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College Tibet， Linzhi 860000， Tibet， China） 　　Abstract： The Abies Mill. species in Sygera Mountains of Tibet was studied by field investigation. The results show that among the Abies communities in Sygera Mountains， there were 2 tree layer species， 13 shrub layer species and 28 herbaceous layer species. The species of Abies communities in arbor tree was single， except for the advantage species A. georgei Hand.-Mazz. var. smithii（Viguié Gaussen）C. Y. Cheng， W. C. Cheng L. K. Fu（importance value 77.7%）， there was only one companion species， Sorbus rehderiana Koehne（importance value 22.3%）. Comparing the species diversity of shrub layer and herb layer on both shady and sunny slopes， the results showed that the richness index R， Simpson index D and Shannon Wiener diversity index H of the sunny slope was all higher than that of the shady slope. Moreover， the diversity of species decrease with the increase of altitude. 　　Key words： Abies Mill.； community structure； species richness； diversity index； Sygera Mountains 　　物种多样性是对群落结构和功能复杂性的一种度量，不仅能够反映植物群落的空间（地带性）特征，而且还能反映群落的时间（演替动态）特征，这有助于对群落物种多样性的研究，更好地认识群落的组成结构、功能、动态、物种丰富度和分布均?蛐缘淖酆献纯?[1]，体现了群落结构类型、组织水平