药妆行业“十二五”规划调研跟发展。。.pptVIP

交通大学医学院附属仁济医院消化科上海市消化疾病研究所 范竹萍 Diarrhea Definition increase in the frequency of bowel movements increase in stool liquidity in some cases increase in daily stool weight (200g/d) Pathophysiological mechanisms secretory diarrhea (increased intestinal secretion) Osmotic diarrhea Decreased intestinal surface area and/or intestinal absorption Inflammatary diarrhea Rapid transit of intestinal contents (shortened transit time) Pathophysiological mechanisms secretory diarrhea (increased intestinal secretion) secretory diarrhoea infection cholera hormonal Verner-Morrison syndrome (VIP associated) carcinoid syndrome gastrinoma medullary thyroid cancer phenolphthalein abuse bile salt malabsorption Cholera: the simplified version Verner-Morrison syndrome (VIP associated) a profuse, watery diarrhoea that results in massive intestinal loss of water, potassium, sodium and bicarbonate, leading to hypovolaemia, hypokalaemia and reduced total body potassium, and achlorhydria (metabolic acidosis). carcinoid syndrome paroxysmal flushing - for example, following coffee, alcohol, certain foods and drugs bronchoconstrictive episodes, similar to asthma right-sided heart failure episodes of explosive watery diarrhoea abdominal pain pellagra-like lesions of the skin and oral mucosa gastrinoma  The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome describes the association of: gastrin-producing tumours gastric hypersecretion severe peptic ulcer disease gastrinoma high fasting plasma gastrin high gastric acid secretion diminished response to pentagastrin demonstrable pancreatic or gastrointestinal tumour - by CT or venous sampling for gastrin more than 90% of gastrinomas have somatostatin receptors, and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy has been reported to be a especially sensitive method to image gastrinomas Pathophysiological mechanisms Osmotic diarrhea It caused by accumulation of the followings in the gut lumen osmotic diarrhoea disaccharidase deficiency primarily lacta