英语构词法——原创,大学英语专业翻译.pptVIP

Lexicology Word Formation Major word formation rules: Affixation Compounding / composition Conversion Blending Clipping Acronymy Initialism Back-formation 前缀法 prefixation， 后缀法suffixation， 转换 conversion， 合成 compounding， 混成法 blending， 截短法 clipping， 首字母缩略法acronymy 反成法 back-formation， 1. Affixation Prefixation: is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to stems. 1). negative prefixes: a- anormal dis- disloyal in- injustice il- illegal ir- irresistible im- immature non- nonsmoker un- unwilling 2). Reversative prefixes 逆反前缀 un- unwrap (open) dis- disunite (become separate) un- unhorse (cause to fall down from a horse) 3). Prefix of degree or size mini- miniskirt micro- microwave super- superman extra- extra-strong over- overweight sub- subheading under- underdeveloped 4). Prefixes of attitude: anti- antislavery counter- counter-revolution pro- pro-American 5). Locative prefixes inter- international fore- forehead tele- telecommunication trans- trans-Atlantic 6). Prefixes of time and order ex- ex-wife fore- foretell pre- preview post- postwar re- reconsider 7). Number prefixes mono- monorail uni- unicorn bi- bicycle tri- triangle semi- seminaked hemi- hemisphere 8). Miscellaneous prefixes: auto- automobile neo- neo-Nazi pan- pan-America vice- vice-president Suffixation: the formation of new words by adding suffixes to stems. 1). noun suffixes -er -eer -ette -let -age -dom -ery -hood -ing -ism -ship – ant -ee -ent -ity -an -ist -ese teenager engineer hostess kingdom behaviorism adulthood slavery employee 2). Adjective suffixes: simple-minded successful childish nameless lady-like friendly classic/cal active washable 3). Adverb suffixes naturally downward clockwise 4). Verb suffixes origina