细菌溶解物和肺炎疫苗在老年人肺部感染预防中应用效果分析.docVIP

细菌溶解物和肺炎疫苗在老年人肺部感染预防中应用效果分析 　　[摘要] 目的 探讨细菌溶解物和肺炎疫苗在预防老年人肺部感染中的作用。 方法 选取2013年10月15日～2014年10月15日四个干休所患者，随机分为3组，细菌溶解物组给予细菌溶解物舌下滴入，肺炎疫苗组给予23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗单次肌内注射，对照组未给予干预措施。比较3组的肺部感染发病率及住院天数。 结果 细菌溶解物组肺部感染发病率高于肺炎疫苗组，住院天数少于肺炎疫苗组，但两组间差异无统计学意义（P0.05）；两组肺部感染发病率明显低于对照组，住院天数明显短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P0.01）。 结论 细菌溶解物和肺炎疫苗均在预防肺部感染方面有明显疗效。 　　[关键词] 细菌溶解物；肺炎疫苗；呼吸道感染 　　[中图分类号] R975 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2015）01（b）-0101-03 　　Application effect analysis of bacterial extracts and pneumonic vaccine for the prevention of respiratory infections 　　ZHANG Yun-wei HOU Zhen-shi ZHAO Zhi-juan MA Hong-shan 　　Clinic of Beijing Tayuan Community，Beijing 100191，China 　　[Abstract] Objective To explore the efficiency of bacterial extracts and pneumonic vaccine in prevention of respiratory infections. Methods Patients in four retired cadres from October 15，2013 to October 15，2014 were divided into three groups，bacterial extracts group with 218 cases were given with bacterial extracts，pneumonia vaccine group with 96 cases were given with 23-valent Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine，control group with 72 cases were not given any intervention.The incidence of respiratory infection and hospital days of the three groups was compared. Results The incidence of respiratory infection in bacterial extracts group was higher than that of pneumonia vaccine group，hospital days was shorter than that of pneumonia vaccine group，but the difference was not significant（P0.05）；The incidence of respiratory infection in the bacterial extracts group and pneumonia vaccine group was lower than that of control group，hospital days was shorter than that of control group，the difference was significant （P0.01）. Conclusion Bacterial extracts and pneumonic vaccine are potentially effective approaches in preventing respiratory infections. 　　[Key words] Bacterial extracts；Pneumonic vaccine；Respiratory infections 　　老年人肺部感染是由多种病原体引起的老年人肺实质炎症，因老年人全身抵抗力降低，支气管表面上的黏液纤毛活动降低，支气管黏膜和腺体逐渐萎缩，抗体分泌减少，容易发生肺部感染，反复发生的肺部感染又与慢性阻塞性肺疾病互为诱因，成为老年人常见病、多发病，造成