变速恒频风力发电机组控制技术研究-系统分析与集成专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘要 变速恒频风力发电机组是一种任意随机的非线性的多变量对象，其控制技术主 要包括开机过程控制、发电过程控制和停机过程控制。目前，变速恒频风力发电机 组控制技术存在着开机过程慢、发电过程鲁棒性差等问题。对此，本文作了以下几 项工作： 一、在研究变速恒频风力发电机组的构成、特点、工作原理和工作状态的基础 上，建立了数学模型和数字仿真实验平台。 二、针对风电机组的开机过程控制，提出了基于最大转矩控制的分段线性+PID 调节模型。仿真实验表明，最大转矩控制模型具有启动风速低、开机过程快，以及 适应性强等优点。 三、针对风电机组的发电过程控制，提出了风电机组的最优发电控制策略：采 用多变量 PID 调节风力机桨距角；采用适应式 PID 控制发电机电磁转矩；从而确立 了风电机组最优发电的多变量、适应式 PID 综合控制模型。实现了风力机桨距角的 调整和发电机电磁转矩的调节在控制方式上的独立、在效果上的配合，协调了不同 风速段机组的转速与出力之间的关系，避免了不同风速段之间控制模式的切换。仿 真实验表明，最优发电控制策略从根本上解决了变速恒频风力发电机组非线性、多 变量、多工况的复杂控制问题。 关键词：变速恒频风力发电机组，多变量，适应式，PID II II Abstract VSCF wind turbine is an arbitrary random non-linear multi-variable objects. Its control techniques includes boot process control, electricity generation process control， and shutdown process control. At present, the VSCF wind turbine control technologies exist slow boot process, poor robustness of electricity generation process control, and other issues. Thus, this paper made the following tasks： 1, on the basis of study the composition, the characteristics, the working principle and working conditions of the VSCF wind turbine, established its mathematical model and digital simulation platform. 2, for start-up process control of the VSCF wind turbine, proposed a piecewise-linear + PID regulation model based on the maximum torque control. Simulation results show that, the maximum torque control model has advantages of low cut-in wind speed, fast start, as well as strong adaptability. Third, for the wind turbine electricity generation process control, proposed the optimal electricity generation control strategies: regulating wind turbine pitch angle by multi-variable PID; control generator electromagnetic torque by adaptive PID; thus, establishing the multi-variable PID and adaptive PID integrated control model of the Optimal electricity generation of the VSCF wind turbine. Effective coordination of the pitch angle adjustment and the regulation of generator electromagnetic torque, coordination of the relationship between speed and po