(学术讨论-环境生物污水处理技术过去.现在-.将来趋势)Biological-Wastewater-Treatment-Processes.ppt

Seminar onBiological Wastewater Treatment Processes Past, Present and Future Dr. Ajit P. Annachhatre Environmental Engineering Program Asian Institute of Technology Domestic Wastewater over 80 % - untreated in Asian mega cities major components- COD = 250-1000 mg/L Total N = 20-90 mg/L Total P = 4-15 mg/L effects of discharging into natural receiving bodies oxygen demand by carbon and nitrogen Microorganisms Classification: Heterotrophic- obtain energy from oxidation of organic matter (organic Carbon) Autotrophic- obtain energy from oxidation of inorganic matter (CO2, NH4, H+ ) Phototrophic- obtain energy from sunlight THE END Activated Sludge Process... typical values of cell residence time (?c ) - ?c for C removal ~ 3-10 days - ?c for N removal ~ 5-30 days - loading rates ~ 2-3 kg COD/m3/d - drawbacks: O2 requirements, inlet conc. Biofilm Processes advantages of biofilm processes: - higher process productivity (loading rates) - higher biomass holdup - higher mean cell residence time - no need for biomass recirculation - creates suitable environment for each type of bacteria - sustains toxic loads Biofilm Processes... types of biofilms: aerobic, anaerobic, anoxic process of biofilm formation - formation of diffuse electrical double layer due to electrostatic forces and thermal motion - transfer of microorganism to surface - microbial adhesion - biofilm formation Biofilm Processes... biofilm operation X Y Biofilm Liquid Film Bulk Liquid Support Material (a) Physical concept Fully Penetrated Partially Penetrated SS Sb Substrate Concentration X Y (b) Substrate concentration profile Biofilm Processes... biofilm operation - diffusion resistance - inadequate supply of nutrients to inner portions of Biofilm - limitations on product out diffusion - attrition of reaction conditions Biofilm Processes... biofilm operation as biofilm