北美自由贸易区争端解决机制-法学理论专业论文.docxVIP

北美自由贸易区争端解决机制扩大到投资、劳工、环境等领域，并允许个人、非政府组织参 与争端解决，这是对国际争端解决方法的丰富和发展。它增设了专家证言程序，为争端解决 提供技术支持。时限设计比 WTO 争端解决机制短，有利于提高争端解决效率。 本文认为，北美自由贸易区争端解决机制是实用主义和法治主义的有机结合。各争端解 决机制都设立了专家组这一司法性程序，也设立了磋商等非诉讼性程序（第 19 章没有磋商 程序）。在 NAFTA 第 20 章的专家组程序之前设立了两个磋商程序，表明了各政府通过谈判 等实用主义手段解决争端的愿望。在以主权国家组成的国际经济组织中，这种结合是维护国 家主权和保证国际组织有效运作的内在要求，也是由发达国家和发展中国家组成的国际组织 的一个特点。 对北美自由贸易区争端解决机制成功的经验和制度缺陷的分析，为中国—东盟自由贸易 区争端解决机制的建立提供了有益的借鉴。在中国—东盟自由贸易区争端解决机制的建立 中，要对争端解决机制各因素全面考虑，综合平衡，优化组合，避免各因素中的不足，这样， 就一定能建立一个公正、高效的争端解决机制。 [关键词] 北美自由贸易区争端解决机制 特点 法理分析 比较 中国—东盟自由贸易区争端解决机制构建 Summary The dispute settlement mechanism of the international economic organization has extremely important positions, which concerns survival or perish of its whole system. Operation, value, development in practice, appraise of the dispute settlement mechanism of North America free trade area attract peoples attention, this text carries on overall analysis to above-mentioned problems by the theories, such as example analysis theory, law value theory, legal economics theory, comparative analysis, etc.. The dispute settlement mechanism of North America free trade area springs from dispute solution of international law and the domestic law, and it is application and development of the international dispute solution. North America free trade area was set up with NAFTA and two side agreements as legal foundation. These agreements have 6 sets of dispute settlement mechanism in fact. NAFTA chapter 11 is designed to resolve investor-state disputes over property rights; Chapter 14 creates special provisions for handling disputes in the financial sector via the Chapter 20 dispute settlement procedure; Chapter 19 establishes a review mechanism to determine whether final anti-dumping and countervailing duty decisions made in domestic courts are consistent with national laws; and Chapter 20 provides government-to-government mechanism to resolve high-level disputes. In addition, the NAFTA partners created interstate dispute mechanisms regarding domestic env