间作对玉米磷铁锌和钙素吸收及其在植株体内转移分配影响.docVIP

间作对玉米磷铁锌和钙素吸收及其在植株体内转移分配影响 　　摘要：为进一步明确玉米/花生间作对玉米磷、铁、锌和钙素吸收及其在植株体内转移分配的影响规律，为间套作生产体系的健康发展提供理论指导，于2015年生长季在田间条件下通过设置不同间作玉米株距（10、13、16、20 cm和27 cm）和玉米常规单作（27 cm）处理，研究其对玉米产量和收获指数，玉米中磷、铁、锌、钙素这四种元素的吸收量、收获指数、体内利用效率及其在玉米籽粒和茎叶中质量分数的影响。结果表明，间作明显提高玉米对土壤中这四种元素的吸收量；随间作玉米株距缩小，即种植密度增加，这些元素的吸收量有增加的趋势。而这四种元素的收获指数均不受间作的影?。间作玉米株距在非增密时，对磷素表现出奢侈吸收特征。间作导致籽粒和茎叶磷的“富集”；随玉米株距的增加，即种植密度降低，茎叶磷的质量分数增加。而随玉米株距的增加，间作玉米籽粒铁和锌的质量分数表现出一定的“稀释效应”。 　　关键词：间作；玉米；花生；元素吸收；转移分配 　　中图分类号：S344.2：S513 文献标识号：A 文章编号：1001-4942（2017）07-0086-05 　　Abstract We want to better understand the effect law of intercropping of maize with peanut on the absorption of phosphorus （P）， iron （Fe）， zinc （Zn） and calcium （Ca） from soil and translocation to grain in maize. It would provide theoretical guidance for the healthy development of intercropping production system. So we designed the treatments， including different planting distances of 10， 13， 16， 20 and 27 cm for intercropped maize and 27 cm for mono-cropped maize. Then their effects on maize grain yields and harvest indexes， and also the absorption amounts， harvest indexes， plant-internal use efficiency and mass fraction in grain and straw of maize of P， Fe， Zn and Ca were studied at growing season in 2015 in field. The results showed that intercropping obviously increased the acquisition amounts of maize to P， Fe， Zn and Ca， and the acquisition amounts increased with the narrow of planting distance of intercropped maize. The harvest indexes of the 4 elements were not affected by intercropping. When the planting distance of intercropped maize was the same as mono-cropped maize， the intercropped maize showed the characteristic of P luxury absorption. Intercropping led to enrichment of P in grains， stems and leaves. With the increase of planting distance of intercropped maize， the mass fraction of P in stems and leaves increased， but the mass fraction of Fe and Zn in grain showed a dilution effect. 　　Keywords Intercropping； Maize； Peanut； Nutrient absorption； Translocatio