《演讲艺术》PS W2.pptVIP

* Chapter I Speaking in Public Regardless of the kind of speech communication involved, there are seven elements—speaker , message, channel, listener, feedback, interference, and situation. Speaker—your success as a speaker depends on: 1. your personal credibility 2. your knowledge of the subject 3. your preparation of the speech 4. your manner of speaking 5. your sensitivity to the audience and the occasion 6. your enthusiasm: successful public speaking is more than a matter of technical skill. You can’t expect people to be interested in what you say unless you are interested yourself. Before any techniques of effective speechmaking can be of much use, you must first have something to say—something that sparks your own enthusiasm. 6.The Speech Communication Process : Message—Your goal in public speaking is to have your intended message be the message that is actually communicated. This depends on: 1. What you say: Narrow your topic down to something—something you can discuss adequately in the time allowed for the speech; Do research and choose supporting details to make your ideas clear and convincing; Organize your ideas so listeners can follow them without getting lost; Express your message in words that are accurate, clear, vivid, and appropriate. 2. How you say: Besides the message you send with words, you send a message with your tone of voice, appearance, gestures, facial expression, and eye contact; Make sure your nonverbal message does not distract from your verbal message. 6.The Speech Communication Process : Channel—the channel is the means by which a message is communicated.In a public speaking class your channel is the most direct of all. Your classmates will see you and hear you without any electronic intervention. Listener—the listener is the