!!!!牛津上海版英语九年级上册全书语法知识汇总.doc

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 G9 GRAMMAR 现在完成时 现在完成时的概念。 ①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 She has been ill for three days. （她病了三天了。） ②表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 We've known each other since we were children. （我们从小就认识。） I have been a member of the Party for 10 years. 构成：”助动词have, has + 过去分词” 现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以work为例）： 人称 肯定 否定 疑问 回答 第一人称 I have seen the UFO. We have travelled around the world. I haven’t seen the UFO. We haven’t travelled around the world. Have you seen the UFO? Have you travelled around the world? Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t. Yes, we have./ No, we haven’t. 第二人称 You have been to England. You haven’t been to England. Have you been to England? Yes, I/we have. No, I /we haven’t. 第三人称 He/She has been to Beijing. They have given concerts all over the world. He/ She hasn’t been to Beijing. They haven’t given concerts all over the world. Has he/ she been to Beijing? Have they given concerts all over the world? Yes, he/she has. No, he/she hasn’t. Yes, they have. No, they haven’t. 注：规则动词的过去分词的构成与过去是相同，不规则动词的过去分词见附表。 练. 把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。 1. I have done my homework. 否定句：_______________________________________ 一般疑问句：___________________________________ 回答：_________________________________________ 2. The plane has arrived. 否定句：_______________________________________ 一般疑问句：___________________________________ 回答：_________________________________________ 现在完成时用法归纳 1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成，对现在造成的影响和结果。(此种用法谓语动词用结束性动词) 如： The plane has arrived. 常用的时间状语和副词： already (已经) 用于肯定句中，位置比较灵活，但通常放在have/ has 与过去分词之间 如： I have already done my homework. yet (还，仍然，已经) 用于否定句和疑问句的句末。 如： Has she finished cooking yet? 他做完饭了吗？ 练：I have already done my homework. (变为否定句)_________________________________ ever (曾经)，句中，多用于疑问句 如： Have you ever been to Shanghai? never (从不) ，本身否定 ；before (以前)，句尾，独立用；just (刚刚)，用于肯定句中，常用在助动词和过去分词之间。 如：I have just heard the news. 我刚刚听到消息。 2. 完成时可用于表示某时间段里完成的动作，常与today, these days, recently等时间状语连用。如： Have you seen her these days? 译： ______________ Have you been t