传感器英文课件第1章-basic knowledge.pdfVIP

Sensors and Signal Conditioning 1 Introduction to Sensor-Based Measurement Systems 1.1 General Concepts and Terminology Measurement Systems Functions and data flow in a measurement and control system 2 Transducers, Sensors, and Actuators Transducer: converts a signal from one physical form to a corresponding signal having a different physical form “energy converter” (mechanical, thermal, magnetic, electric, chemical, and radiation) Sensor: offering an electric output A sensor may not be a transducer. modifier Input transducers (physical signal/electric signal) are termed sensors, or detectors for radiation, output transducers (electric signal/display or actuation) are termed actuators or effectors. Note: In this book, sensor, the whole device, 3 including the package and leads. Signal Conditioning and Display Signal conditioner: measuring system elements. amplification, level shifting, filtering, impedance matching, modulation, and demodulation Display: analog, digital Recording: magnetic, electronic, or paper,etc. Interfaces, Data Domains, and Conversion Data domain: the name of a quantity used to represent or transmit information. The concept of data domains and conversion between domains helps in describing sensors and electronic circuits associated with them. 4 5 some possible domains 1.2 Sensor Classification the need for a power supply: modulating (or active), self-generating (passive) output signals: analog or digital operating mode: deflection,null Input-output relationship: zero, first, second, or higher order prin