英语中19种修辞手法和例句.docVIP

1.Simile 明喻　　明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.　　标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.　　例如:　　1.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.　　2.I wandered lonely as a cloud.　　3.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻　　隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.　　例如:　　1.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.　　2.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻　　借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.　　I.以容器代替内容,例如:　　1.The kettle boils. 水开了.　　2.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.　　II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:　　Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.　　III.以作者代替作品,例如:　　a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集　　VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:　　I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻　　提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.　　例如:　　1.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)　　他的厂里约有100名工人.　　2.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)　　他是本世纪的牛顿.　　3.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）　　这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉　　 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉?写感觉”。?比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。　　 例如:　　 1.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily－like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到?百合花）鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.　　 2.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉） 品尝Mozart的音乐.6.Personification 拟人　　拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.　　例如:　　1.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化）　　2.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）7.Hyperbole 夸张　　夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..　　例如:　　1.I beg a thousand pardons.　　2.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.　　3.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.8.Parallelism 排比, 平行　　 这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.　　 例如:　　 1.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are mora