第一章 免疫学课件.ppt

Medical Immunology ;医学免疫学;教;Reference books;Reviews ;单位：免疫学教研室 办公地点：实验楼A411 免疫学主任办公室 实验室地点：实验楼A三层 办公电话：6913364;Introduction of Immunology;;Immunology developed as humans continued fighting against infectious diseases (感染性疾病) . ;第一节 免疫接种与抗感染免疫;Figure 1-1 Historical review of the influenza (a) The influenza epidemic (b) Vaccination of influenza in New York 1918;vaccination ;vaccination ;1796，Jennar: occupational exposure to cowpox prevents smallpox------vaccination/ vaccine;They should be vaccinated first.;Figure 1-2;Smallpox eradication World Health Organization Eradication effort began 1966 Last naturally acquired case 1977, Somalia;Robert Koch(1843-1910) :infectious diseases caused by microorganisms（微生物）；结核杆菌, 1905年Nobel Prize;Louis Pasteur The chicken which were injected with fowl cholera bacterium (old culture) survived from a subsequent injection of fresh culture of bacteria. Aging had weakened the virulence of the pathogen. An attenuated（减毒） (weakened) strain could protect the chickens against the disease. ;Figure 1-6 Karl Landsteiner(1868～1943): epitope (表位)，20世纪初;20世纪上叶;;Elie Metchnikoff;Figure 1-7 Frank Macfarlane Burnet （1899～1985）;(1) There are various lymphocyte clones in our body, each of them bears a unique type of Ag receptor which can recognize Ag specifically. ;(Formation of immunology sub-disciplines);第二章 现代免疫学研究及发展策略;1. Concept of Immunity (p16);Immune Funtions;免疫功能;Bone marrow;免疫应答的种类和特点;固有免疫细胞的识别特点 ;3.Types of Immunity;细胞免疫;Figure 2-13;;树突状细胞 Dendritic cell （DC）;Figure 10-1 Recognition and cytolysis mechanisms of NK cells (a)Recognition of normal self tissue cells; (b)Recognition and cytolysis of virus-infected cells; (c)Recognition and cytolysis of target cells that are coated with antibody;适应性免疫应答 adaptive immunity;Innate immunity;Features of Innate immunity Rapid response to a microbe (hours) Lack of memory Features of Adaptive immunity Slower response (days) Strong memory response More specific Transf