第四单元-句子翻译-精选版.pptVIP

4.3.3条件状语从句 在翻译条件状语从句时，分句的位置一般可以提前。例如： You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting provided you dont mind taking the night train. [参考译文] 如果你不介意坐夜车的话，你可以早一点到北京去参加那次会议 虚拟条件从句通常可译为“要是”、“假如”等表示假设的分句。 If I were you, I would not go. [参考译文] 我要是你我就不去。 有的条件状语从句有省略的情况，翻译时要按照汉语的习惯翻译完整。 If punished, they will not cooperate. [参考译文] 他们如果受到损害，将不予合作。 * 4.3.4让步状语从句 让步状语从句多用though, although, even if, even though, however, no matter how/ what/ who等引导。通常可译为“尽管、即使、虽然”等表示让步的分句。 Ive already told you that Im going to buy it, however much it costs。 [参考译文] 已经告诉过你了，不管花多少钱，我都打算买它。 Even if the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately. [参考译文] 即便计算是正确的，科学家们也无法肯定他们已经把所有的变量都包括进去并精确地模拟了它们。 * 4.3.5目的状语从句 目的状语从句一般由so that, in order that, in case等引导, 一般可以译为“以便、为了”等表示目的的后置汉语分句。 I was advised to arrange for insurance in case I needed medical treatment. [参考译文]有人劝我投保，以防治病之需。 I was looking for a temporary job so that I could save up some money to go traveling. [参考译文] 我在找一份临时工作，以便积攒些钱去旅游。 * 4.3.6其它状语从句 状语从句还有很多种，如地点状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句等，翻译时可根据情况调整翻译策略。例如： They usually have less money at the end of the month than they have at the beginning. [参考译文]通常到了月底，他们的钱就比月初少了 In the course of a day, students do far more than just attend classes. [参考译文]在一天的学习生活中，学生所做的远不止听课。 Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not take drugs as directed. [参考译文]周密的调查已经表明：多达50%的病人没有按照医嘱服药。 * 状语从句多种多样，其所对应的翻译策略也是五花八门。翻译时要不拘泥于形式，根据情况处理，使其符合汉语的语言习惯。 * 4.4 主从关系 英语在语句中体现主从关系的主要是名词性从句，形容词性从句和副词性从句。具体的翻译实践中，名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句是可以相互转换的。 * 4.4.1 名词性从句 名词性从句就是在句子中起名词作用的从句，可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。翻译这一类从句时，多可按原文的句序译成相应的汉语。例如： Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well. [参考译文] 凡是值得做的事，就值得把它做好。 Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brain of a biologist. [参考译文] 一种生物究竟是植物还是动物，有时候会使生物学家颇伤脑筋