【高中英语语】不定式.ppt

非谓语动词之动词不定式 Xu Yan 注②：这种后置不定式的结构也适用于某些谓语动词不是系动词的句子，如： It made us very happy to hear him talk like that. 翻译: 我们花了五个小时去那儿. It took us five hours to get there. 注④：某些形容词在上述结构中作表语时，常在不定式之前加上 “of + 代词” 来说明不定式所指的是谁的情况，如： It’s kind of you to think so much of us. It’s unwise of them to turn down the proposal. It was careless of her to make such a mistake. 翻译: 你这么体贴真是太好了. It’s very nice of you to be so considerate. 2．主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, intention, mistake, plan, proposal, job, suggestion 等为中心词的名词词组，或以 what 引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容，如： Your mistake was not to write that letter. 翻译: 我(的)建议(是)马上开始工作. My suggestion is to start work at once. What I would suggest is to start work at once. I’ve arranged to meet him at ten o’clock. 翻译: 我没想到(think/expect)在这里找到你. (Nice doggie), I didn’t think / expect to find you here. 2．“动词 + 疑问词 + 带 to 的不定式结构”。（这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句）。这类动词常见的有：tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget, inquire, know, explain, remember, see, understand, wonder 等。 疑问词（也称连接代/副词）有：what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, 如： I don’t know what to do / where to go / who(m) to ask / when to stop / how to get there. 翻译: 我还没决定是否卖掉它. I haven’t decided whether to sell it or not. We must find out what to do next / where to put it. 注② ：不定式结构一般不可作介词宾语, 只有在个别场合, 即在含有否定意义的带有介词 except 或 but (=except) 的结构中才能这样用，例如： He seldom comes except to look at my pictures. 注意不定式符号的省略问题！ The child did nothing except weep. 除了借钱给你,他什么都可以为你做. He will do anything for you except lend you money. 2．能带不定式结构作宾语的动词，转化成名词时往往也能带不定式结构作定语，如： They will attempt to cross the river tonight. → They will make an attempt to cross the river tonight. I don’t wish to quarrel with you. →I have no wish to quarrel with you. She promised not to do that again. → She made a promise not to do that again. 5．不定式结构与所修饰的名词，有时意义上有着主谓关系或动宾关系，如： He has a large family to support (= that he must support). 注：处于动宾关系的情况下，如果