- 1、本文档共40页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、原创力文档(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
- 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
查看更多
动词的语态 被动语态的应用 I.被动语态的构成形式 1.???被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被 动形式, 被动语态由 be+过去分词 构成,be随时态的变化而变化。 各种时态的被动语态形式:(以do为例) 一般现在时 am / is / are +done (过去分词). 如: Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 现在完成时 has /have been done. 如: I have been cloned. All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we are ready to start. 3)现在进行时 am/is /are being done 例:一座新的电影院正在这儿被建起. 4)一般过去时 was/were done 例: I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5)过去完成时 had been done 例: By the end of last year, another new gymnasium in Beijing. (complete) 6)过去进行时 was/were being done 例: A meeting was being held when I was there. 7)一般将来时 shall/will be done 例: Hundreds of jobs if the factory closes. 8)过去将来时 should/would be done 例: The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived. 9)将来完成时(少用) shall/will have been done 例: The project will have been completed before July. 10)过去将来完成时(少用) should/would have been done 例: He told me that my new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构, 其形式为: 情态动词+be+过去分词。 例: The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 翻译: 他说错误一定要及时改正. He said that the mistakes must be corrected in time. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语, 在用于被动结构时, 可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语. 例: His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为: He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 或改为: A present was given to him by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当 “动词+宾语+宾语补足语” 结构变为被动语态时, 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 其余不动。例: Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. They painted the door green. The door was painted green. 4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。 例: She saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为: A stranger was seen to walk into the building (by her).
文档评论(0)