with独 立主格结构.docVIP

　　with独立主格结构是英语的一种重要的句法现象，在句子结构方面具有相对独立的特点。多年来也一直是命题的热点、重点，因此应该引起我们的高度重视。众所周知，with引导的独立主格结构非常活跃，虽然它在句子中只作状语，但是可以表示伴随、方式、原因、结果等各种复杂的情况。现将with引导的独立主格结构加以小结。 　　一、句法结构 　　【结构一】with ＋名词(代词)＋介词短语 　　【例句】He sat there thinking, with his chin on his hand. 他手托下巴，坐在那儿沉思。 　　The old man stood there, with his back against the wall. 那位老人背倚着墙站在那里。 　　Mary was sitting near the fire, with her back towards the door. 玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。 　　【结构二】with ＋名词(代词)＋形容词 　　【例句】He stared at his friend with his mouth wide open. 他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。 　　The man raised his head with eyes full of wonder and mystery. 这人抬起头来，眼里充满了好奇。 　　He stood there trembling, with his face red with cold. 他站在那儿瑟瑟发抖，脸都冻红了。 　　【结构三】with ＋名词(代词)＋副词 　　【例句】With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. 产量上升了60%, 公司又是一个好年景。 　　The stupid Emperor walked in the procession with nothing on. 这位愚蠢的皇帝一丝不挂地行进在游行队伍中。 　　The naughty boy stood before his teacher with his head down. 这个淘气的男孩低着头站在老师面前。 　　He put on his socks with the wrong side out. 他把袜子穿反了。 　　【结构四】with ＋名词(代词)＋名词 　　【例句】She used to sit reading in the evening with her pet dog her only companion. 她从前总爱在晚上坐着看书，她的宠物狗便是她惟一的伙伴。 　　He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世的时候，女儿还是个中学生。 　　【结构五】with ＋名词(代词)＋现在分词 　　【例句】She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her. 她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。 　　With you helping me whenever Im in trouble, I feel very obliged to you. 无论我什么时候遇到困难你总是帮助我，真是太感激你了。 　　【结构六】with ＋名词(代词)＋过去分词 　　【例句】“I think we can leave with our heads held high,” Erik said. “我认为我们可以高昂着头离开，”艾瑞克说。 　　The goalkeeper left Japan with his flaws laid bare. 这位守门员离开了日本，而他的缺点却暴露无遗。 　　【结构七】with ＋名词(代词)＋不定式 　　【例句】With 10 minutes to go, youd better hurry. 还有十分钟，你最好快一点。 　　With you to lead us, our group is sure to succeed. 有你领导我们，我们组肯定能成功。 　　二、句法功能 　　【作状语】with独立主格结构主要用作状语，可以表示伴随、方式、原因、时间等。 　　【例句】With Mary to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有玛丽的帮助，他一定能成功。 　　With winter coming on, it is getting colder and colder day by day. 冬天慢慢到来，天气也一天比一天冷了起来。 　　The streets are