懂你英语L3-U2.doc

懂你Level 3 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT19 L3-U2-1/4 listening Science Matter’s state/ test1 A Matter is made of atoms and molecules. Water for example is the H2O molecules. This means that the molecule of water has three atoms. A water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Substances like sugar has many atoms in their molecules. A molecule of sugar has many atoms including carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. B Matter is made of molecules such as H2O, which is the water molecule. Matter can be in one of three states solid, liquid or gas. Water and ice are the same substance, but they are in different states. These states depend on the temperature of the molecules. When we heat the substance, the molecules move faster and try to take up more space. When we cool substance, the molecules move more slowly. When we cool a substance to its freezing point, it becomes a solid. C In a solid, the molecules move very little. Their positions are almost fixed. To be fixed means that their positions don’t change. If we heat the molecules, they move faster and away from each other. The solid begins to melt like ice cream on a hot day. D At a certain temperature, a solid begins to change into a liquid. The temperature at which is solid changes into a liquid depends on the substance. For water, the solid begins to change into a liquid when its temperature rises to above zero degrees Celsius. For some substances, such as steel, the temperature which it becomes a liquid is much higher. Steel often melts around one thousand three hundred seventy (1370) degrees Celsius. E If we continue to heat a liquid, the molecules move even faster. At a certain temperature, the liquid begins to change into a gas. For water, the liquid begins to change into a gas at a hundred degrees Celsius. This is the boiling point of water. F Inside a star, such as our sun, the temperature is very high. Everything inside the sun is a gas. According to scientists, there are over sixty-five elements inside the sun.