初中·定语从句详细讲解.docxVIP

定语从句 定语从句是一个重点语法项目，而且也是各种考试中考查的重点，要牢固掌握好关系代词和关系副词的基本用法及特殊用法，并且学会利用相关知识来作出判断，准确解答相关试题。 知识详单 何为定语从句：在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。 定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 关系词：在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。  知识点1关系词 分类 先行词 句子成分 例句 关 系 代 词 who 人 主语，宾语 A teacher is a person who passes knowledge to students. A teacher is a person, a teacher passes knowledge to students. whom 人 宾语 The woman whom you met in the street is Kate. whose 人/物 定语 Please pass me the book whose cover is green. which 物 主语，宾语，定语 This is the room which he lived in last year.。 that 人/物 主语，宾语，表语 The girl that I spoke to is my cousin. They are the people that were seen yesterday. He came back for the book that was on the desk He came back for the book that he had forgotten. as 人/物 主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us Such books as I borrowed yesterday are all here 关 系 副 词 when 时间 时间状语 I know the date when Lincoln was born. where 地点 地点状语 I would like to live in a place where there is plenty of sunshine. why 原因 原因状语 That is the reason why he was late.  知识点2关系代词的用法 关系代词 用法 例句 who/whom 两者都用于指人，who在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom在定语从句中作宾语 I have no idea about the man who wrote the article.我不认识写这篇文章的那个人。 What is the girl whom(who) you talked to just now?刚才和你说话的那个女孩子是干什么的? whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语,往往与它所修饰的名词一起构成一个名词短语在从句中担当成分 He is the man whose car was stolen last night.他就是昨天晚上车被偷的那个男子。 which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，还可在从句中作介词的宾语 That was a fault which could not be forgiven.那是不能饶恕的错误。 The house in which I used to live has become a shoe.我过去住的房子现在变成了一家鞋店。 that 指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，还可作表语，作宾语或表语时可省略;作介词宾语时，介词不可提到that前 He is the man that was punished at the meeting.他就是那个在会上受批评的人。 Shanghai is the place that I visited last year.上海是我去年参观过的地方。 as 可以作为关系代词引导定语从句，常用于such... as和the same... as等句式中 Such points as youve mentioned are really important in solving the problem.你提到的这些方面在解决这个问题上的确很重要。 【知识拓展】 1.关系词指物时，只用that不用which的情况: ①先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, no one, little, few, much, some . none等不