生物表面活性剂产生菌UBQ11―4诱变育种和产物性能研究.docVIP

生物表面活性剂产生菌UBQ11―4诱变育种和产物性能研究 　　摘要 本研究从石油污染土壤中筛选得到的一株高效生物表面活性剂产生菌BQ11，对其进行分子鉴定，为铜绿假单胞菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa），GenBank登录号为KF111571。BQ11发酵后产生的表面活性剂可将发酵培养基表面张力从70 mN/m降低至35 mN/m。发酵产物经过薄层色谱及红外光谱分析，为糖脂类生物表面活性剂。经UV诱变后，筛选获得一株正诱变幅度达28%的高产生物表面活性剂菌株UBQ11-4，糖脂产量从5.3 g/L提高至6.8 g/L。通过对其产物特性及稳定性进行研究，发现该菌株产生的生物表面活性剂对原油的乳化降黏效果良好，9 d后乳化相仍可保持86%。经测定，其临界胶束浓度CMC值为50 mg/L，低于出发菌株BQ11的CMC值（65 mg/L），并能将培养基的表面张力降低50%以上，有可能应用于石油工业提高采收率和环境工程的油气污染生物修复。 　　关键词 生物表面活性剂；表面张力；产生菌株；鉴定；UV诱变；产物性能 　　中图分类号 X172 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2018）03-0187-04 　　Abstract In this study，a strain（BQ11）was isolated from oil field，which could produce high quantity biosurfactant.BQ11 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa according to the 16S rDNA gene sequence，and the GenBank accession number was KF111571.Using the biosurfactant produced by BQ11，the surface tension of medium reduced from 70 mN/m to 35 mN/m.The fermentation products were assigned to glycolipid by Thin Layer Chromatography（TLC）and Fourier Transform Infared Spectroscopy（FT-IR）analysis.After UV mutagenesis of BQ11，biosurfactant high-producing strain UBQ11-4 was obtained，which positive mutagenicity reached 28%，and the glycolipid production increased from 5.3 g/L to 6.8 g/L.Through the study on the properties and stability of the product，it was found that the biosurfactant produced by this strain had good effects on the emulsification and viscosity reduction of crude oil，and the emulsion phase remained 86% after 9 d.The critical micelle concentration of UBQ11-4 was determined to be 50 mg/L，which was lower than the CMC of BQ-11（65 mg/L）.The surface tension of the medium could be reduced by more than 50%，which may be used for improving oil recovery in petroleum industry and bioremediation of oil and gas pollution in environmental engineering. 　　Key words biosurfactant；surface tension；producing strain；identification；UV mutagenesis；product property 　　生物表面活性??（Biosurfactant）是从生物来源分离得到的一类具有降低表面张力、稳定乳化、增加泡沫稳定性等表面特性的物质[1]。按照生物表面活性剂分子亲水基的化学结构可分为糖脂类、磷脂、含氨基酸类脂