13.Probability theory is nothing but common sense reduced to calculation英文版.pdfVIP

MACHINE LEARNING: 13 PROBABILISTIC Probability theory is nothing but common sense reduced to calculation —LAPLACE The purpose of computing is insight, not numbers... —RICHARD HAMMING 13.0 Stochastic and Dynamic Models of Learning As noted in earlier chapters, there are two primary reasons for using probabilistic tools to understand and predict phenomena in the world: first, events may be genuinely probabilis- tically related to each other, and second, deterministic causal relationships between situa- tions in the changin