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19例儿童甲脱落临床的的特点及病因分析
19例儿童甲脱落临床的的特点及病因分析
摘要:目的 回顾性调查儿童甲脱落可能病因及特点,为治疗甲脱落和健康教育提供依据。方法 对19例儿童甲脱落案例进行病史调查,并分析发病病因。结果 收集甲脱落患者19例,1年内有手足口病史12例,烫伤史1例,病毒疹史5例,未明确原因发热史1例。病史距离甲脱落时间为2~9个月。累及甲数目3~20个,随访观擦,甲脱落患儿3个月内均长出正常甲。结论 手足口病等病毒感染性疾病是引起儿童脱甲的重要病因,推测与病毒侵入后引起机体自身免疫反应有关。
关键词:儿童;甲脱落;临床特点;病因
Analysis of Clinic Characteristics and Cause in 19 Cases of Children with Onychoptosis
SHI Xiao-huan,YU Zhan-guo
(Department of Dermatology, Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital of Lianyungang,Lianyungang 222006,Jiansu,China)
Abstract:Objective To retrospectively investigate possible causes and clinical characteristics of children with onychoptosis, it can provide the basis for the treatment and health education of onychoptosis. Methods The medical history of 19 cases of children with onychoptosis was investigated and analyzed the incidence of the cause. Results 19 cases of the children with onychoptosis were collected. Among these cases, there were 12 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease in one year, 1 case of scald, 5 cases of viral exanthem, and 1 case of fever with unknown causes. The history of distance off onychoptosis is among 2~9 months. The number of conchals involving was the 3~20 range. To follow-up the cases, conchals involving were recovery from illness within 3 months. Conclusion Virus infections is an important cause of onychoptosis in children, and the onychoptosis is associated with the bodys own immune caused by viruses.
Key words:Children;Onychoptosis;Clinical features;Etiology
甲脱落可由于甲母质损伤引起脱甲病(onychomadesis),或由于甲床损伤造成全甲分离(total onycholysis)。脱甲病患者甲板从甲根部松动,此类甲脱落多数可恢复[1]。儿童甲脱落疾病多数是由各种原因造成甲母质损伤引起脱甲病,是近端甲板自甲母质和甲床分离,代表Beaus线极端形式[2-3]。Beaus线和甲脱落是由于甲母质活动暂时停滞引起,在刺激因素或系统原因停止后可恢复或缓解。但甲母质生长停滞具体机制不清。收集连云港市妇幼保健院皮肤科门诊自2013年1月~2014年3月儿童甲脱落患者19例,进行分析。本研究经本院医学伦理委员会批准,获得患者或其监护人知情同意并签订知情同意书,现报道如下。
1临床资料
19例甲脱落患儿初次就诊时间:2013年03月~2014年2月;就诊地点:连云港市妇幼保健院皮肤科;主要临床体征:出现甲从近端甲皱襞分离;临床诊断:甲脱落,见表1;案例中男11例,女8例,年龄为 20个月~7岁,平均发病年龄3.5岁;病程平均为4 w(3 w~6 w);所有患儿居住在连云港市,均无甲外伤史。甲脱落时一般由内而外,由近及远,首先在甲半月处开始出现云雾状
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