九段沙湿地鱼组成和多样性分析.docxVIP

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九段沙湿地鱼组成和多样性分析

收稿日期:2015-05-12 基金项目:上海市科技攻关项目(10dz1200804);上海市科委崇明专项;上海科学教育委员会创新重点项目(14ZZ145) 作者简介:陈兰荣(1986—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为生物多样性。Email:yu413102@163.com 通讯作者:龚小玲,Email:xlgong@ 九段沙湿地鱼类组成和多样性分析 陈兰荣1,龚小玲1,朱 敏2,汪德海1,孙 瑛2 (1.上海海洋大学 省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室, 上海? 201306; 2.上海市九段沙湿地自然保护区管理署,上海 210235) 摘要:九段沙湿地是典型的长江口沙洲,具有长江口鱼类的区系特征,为了解九段沙湿地鱼类种类组成、多样性及其变化趋势,本研究基于2009 至 2012 年间对其进行的16次调查,结果显示:(1)捕获鱼类12477尾,共103种;(2)鱼类以鲈形目种类居多,多达 55种;鲤形目次之,共28 种。(3)优势种有斑尾刺虾虎鱼Acanthogobius hasta、鮻Liza haematocheila、棱鮻Liza carinatus、刀鲚Coilia ectenes、凤鲚Coilia mystus和中国花鲈Lateolabrax maculates。(4)鱼类生态类型划分为6种:淡水鱼类、河口定居种、季节性河口湿地海洋鱼类、溯河洄游鱼类、降河洄游鱼类和临时性河口湿地海洋鱼类。 (5)多样性分析结果显示其渔获量和多样性呈逐年降低的趋势。(6)不同盐度区域鱼类群落的相似性分析表明上沙、中沙和下沙鱼类组成存在差异。九段沙湿地鱼类资源较丰富,但是出现衰退现象,导致其鱼类多样性下降的原因可能是过度捕捞、水体污染和栖息地丧失等。 研究亮点:已有针对九段沙湿地水域的鱼类资源的调查报告较多是早些年前的且较少,本研究持续4年调查较为全面地分析了九段沙湿地近年鱼类群落组成、区系特征和多样性,为九段沙湿地鱼类资源可持续发展等提供参考。 关键词:九段沙湿地;鱼类组成;多样性 中图分类号:S932? 文献标识码:A Composition of fish species and diversity analysis in Jiuduansha wetland CHEN Lanrong1, GONG Xiaoling1, ZHU Min2, WANG Dehai1, SUN Ying2 (1.The Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306,China;2. Jiuduansha Wetland Protected Area of Shanghai 210235,China) ABSTRACT: Jiuduansha Wetland is a typical shoal in Yangtze River estuary, which has ichthyic fauna characteristics of Yangtze River estuary. In order to comprehend the composition of fish community, community diversity and its variation trend, 16 surveys from 2009 to 2012 were made, the result showed that: (1)A total number of 12477 individuals were collected belonging 103species. (2)Among all the species, the Order Perciformes was at a dominant position, whose species were 55, the family cypriniformes ranked only second to the order Perciformes, comprising 28 species. (3)The dominant species were Acanthogobius hasta, Liza haematocheila, Liza carinatus, Coilia ectenes, Coilia mystus and Lateolabrax maculates. (4) Jiudunansha wetland was made up

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