英语名词性从句知识归纳.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 名词性从句知识归纳 名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句，主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句不是修饰性从句，而是复合句中的主干。 e.g. That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. （主语从句） I know that he is writing his composition in his room. （宾语从句） The question is how we can finish it on time. （表语从句） The fact that some Chinese are still poor is really a great problem. （同位语从句） 名词性从句的连接词： 从句有无疑问含义 是否有含义 连接词的作用 是否引导从句 是否可省略 是否充当从句中的成分 充当从句中的哪种成分 连 接 词 = 1 \* ROMAN I that 无 无 是 一般可以 否 无 if（只用于宾语从句中）, whether 有 “是否” 是 否 否 无 as if/as though because（只用于表语从句中） 无 “好像” “因为” 是 否 否 无 = 2 \* ROMAN II what, who, whom, which, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 有 “什么，谁，哪个，谁的”，“任何事，任何人，任意哪个” 是 否 是 主语，宾语，表语，定语 = 3 \* ROMAN III when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever 有 “什么时候，地点，为什么，怎样”，“无论什么时候，无论哪里” 是 否 是 状语 一、宾语从句及物动词、介词、部分形容词（certain, sure, glad, afraid, frightened, happy, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, upset, satisfied等）后 e.g. I believe (that) he is honest. (that不充当从句内的任何成分，一般情况可省略) I’m glad that you are satisfied with your job. (that不充当从句内的任何成分) He doesn’t care if/whether it isn’t a fine day. (if/whether不充当从句内的任何成分) Please tell me what you want. (what充当从句内的宾语) She always thinks of how she can work well. (how充当从句内的状语) I don’t believe whatever he said. (whatever充当从句内的宾语，意为“任何事”) I’ll take whoever wants to go. (whoever从当从句内的主语，意为“任何人”) 【宾语从句要点拓展】1. that引导宾语从句时一般可以省略，若由and或or连接两个宾语从句时，第一个从句中的that可以省略，而第二个分句前的that不可省略。 e.g. He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 2. whether和if引导宾语从句一般可以互换使用，但以下情况只能使用whether (1) whether可与or not连用 e.g. I want to know whether he will see the film or not. (2) 介词宾语从句要用whether e.g. I don’t care about whether you have money or not. (3) that引导的宾语从句只能放于in, except, besides和but四个介词后 e.g. The Swede stood still, except that his lips moved slightly. 3. 转移否定当主句是 I/ We think (believe, consider, expect, suppose, guess, imagine) 时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定形式，常把从句中的否定词not转移到主句中。 e.g. I don’t suppose (that) it is his fault, is i