培根《论读书》赏析.pptxVIP

Of Study“Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an ______man.” --Francis Bacon exact阅读使人充实，交谈使人机智，写作使人精确。 --培根 培根的Of?Study一文，写于四百年前。在今天的英国，此文当属古典文论，其用语不仅典雅，而且古奥，甚至玄秘。四百年前的语言，既便是当时通俗透顶的平民口语，在今人听来，亦充满“古色古香”之感。 培根是四百年前英国的哲人名士，学富五车，文震朝野，其散论札记当时亦属上乘之作。在四百多年来的英国文学史上，培根的文论以其思想精深、艺术精湛和文学精绝而风骚独领。其在英国文学与思想界之影响，颇似唐宋八大家之在中国，历久弥新。Studies serve for delight, for /w/ornamentornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处 世判事之际。For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is /w/slothsloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar.练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。Crafty men /jp/w/contemncontemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。 Read not to contradict and /w/confuteconfute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.读书时不可存心诘难读者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly,