高级英语上讲义Lesson10.doc

? ? Lesson Ten　The Tenth Man ? ? 　　一、Words and Expressions:　　1. abrupt　　adj. – abruptly　　adv. –abruptness　　n.　　　 sudden, unexpected突然的，意外的，陡峭的　　　 abrupt turn 急转弯　　　 abrupt ending, change, departure 突如其来的结束，变化，离去　　2. allotment: assignment　　n.　　3. beforehand: in advance, earlier　　adv. 预先　　　 I have prepared beforehand.我已经预先作了准备。　　　 We have been aware of the problem beforehand.我们事先就知道有这么个问题。　　4. compassion: n. pity, sympathy　　　 compassion for sb./sth. 　　　 be filled with compassion 充满怜悯　　　 The plight of the refugees arouses our compassion.　难民的困苦引起了我们的同情。　　　 We did it out of compassion.　我们这么做是出于同情。　　　 adj. compassionate　　adv. compassionately　　5. constrict v. 缩紧，缩小　　　 the drug that constricts the blood vessel　收缩血管的药　　　 constriction n. 　　　 the constrictions of life on a low income　低收入的节衣缩食　　6. contemptuous: scornful　　7. coward—cowardice, timidity　　8. daunt v. discourage, frighten　威吓　　　 I was rather daunted by the thought of addressing such an audience. 　　　 我一想到对这样的听众讲话就有些胆怯。　　　 nothing daunted 毫无惧色，毫不气馁　　　 adj. daunting　　dauntless 勇敢的　　adv. dauntlessly　　9. delude v. 哄骗，欺骗 deceive 　　　 delude sb. with sth./delude sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人　　　 delude sb. with empty promises/false hopes以虚假的诺言/虚幻的希望哄骗某人　　10. disquiet　　n. worry, agitation　不安，焦虑　　11. draw/cast lots for sth. 抽签决定某事　　They drew lots for the right to go first.　他们抽签决定谁先去。　　12. elusive—elude　　adj.—v. 　　　　elude ones enemy　避开敌人　　　　elude capture　逃避被抓　　　　His name eludes me.　我想不起他的名字。　　13. enmity　　n. hostility, rivalry, antagonism, opposition　　14. excavate –excavation 挖掘　　　　excavate a buried city　　15. gamble　　v./n. 赌博　gambler　gambling　　　　gamble on sth.　　　　He gambled all his money on the last race.　他把所有的钱全压在最后一场赛马上了。　　　　gamble away　赌光　　　　gamble in　冒险投资　　16. legal—illegal　legible—illegible 　　17. wear mustache 留胡子　　18. nag v. (-gg-) 　　　　Ⅰ. nag at sb. = criticize, scold　不断挑剔或批评　　　　My mother nagged at me all day long.　我的妈妈一天到晚说我。　　　　Ⅱ.不断烦扰或伤害 trouble, bother　　　　The problem has been