leson11-易货贸易仍在使用《外刊经贸知识选读》重点-串讲课文翻译.docx

第11课 易货贸易仍在使用 The Comeback of International Barter 国际易货贸易的回潮 一、（Excerpts）（摘录） It is a primitive, inefficient and expensive way of doing business—but the massive debts of developing and the world’s oversupply of goods make it inescapable. 它是一种原始、低效且昂贵的贸易方式，但发展中国家的巨额债务和全球过剩的供给，使它不可避免地存在着。 In 1983 the Saudi Arabian government decided to purchase ten Boeing 747-300s powered by 40 Rolls-Royce jet engines. But faced with declining revenues due to a worldwide surplus of oil, it was reluctant to pay $1 billion in cash. Instead, it offered crude oil. Neither the American aircraft manufacturer nor the British engine-maker wanted all that oil. But opportunities for such a big sale are rare. So the companies have arranged for an international financial institution to sell the Saudi crude on world markets. Boeing and Rolls-Royce will be paid in cash from the proceeds, and Saudi Arabia will get its aircraft without dipping into its currency reserves. 1983 年，沙特阿拉伯政府决定购买 10 架波音 747-300 飞机，并且由 40 架罗尔斯——罗伊斯公司的引擎提供动力。但是面对全球石油过剩造成的收入下降，沙特政府不愿意支付 10 亿美元的现金。取而代之，沙特提出要用原油来支付。美国飞机制造商和英国引擎制造商都不想收下全部的原油。然而，像这样大笔买卖的机会是少有的。于是他们安排了一家国际金融机构在世界市场上销售沙特的原油。波音和罗尔斯公司将从售油收人中获取现金，而沙特也将得到飞机而不至动用自己的货币储备。 To secure sales of its F-5 jet fighter to the Swiss government, the Northrop Corporation of the United States agreed to help the Swiss expand export markets for $200 million worth of goods. Northrop located a purchaser for Swiss elevators in Egypt, and steered the Swiss to a cement plant construction project in Indonesia. Over five years some 200 Swiss companies benefited from Northrop’s assistance. 为了把自己的F-5喷气式战斗机卖给瑞士政府，美国诺思罗普公司同意帮助瑞士扩展价值2亿美元的出口市场。他们在埃及为瑞士电梯找到了一个买主，又在印度尼西亚指导瑞士从事一个水泥厂的建设。5年间，大约有200家瑞士公司受益于诺思罗普公司的援助。 In a hot contest the United States’ General Electric Trading Co. won a contract for a $ 150 million turbine project in Romania—largely because in agreed to receive and market Romanian products of equivalent value. General Electric was able to use some Romanian steel products, and devel