汽车倒车超声波防撞报警装置设计.docVIP

徐州工程学院毕业设计(论文) PAGE II 汽车倒车超声波防撞报警装置设计 摘要 本设计是基于51单片机的汽车倒车报警装置。通过对汽车防撞系统基本原理的分析，从而利用超声波的特点与优势，将AT89C51单片机和超声波测距系统相结合。该系统采用软、硬件相互配合的模式，硬件系统通常分为超声波传输电路、单片机连接口、数字信息电路、工作电路以及预警设备等，软件部分的组成则包括了主程序、发射接收中断程序、显示报警子程序等等。充分体现出在多用性和模块化方面的优势。驾驶者坐在汽车驾驶室就可以很轻松的判断后方是否具有障碍物，极大地提高泊车和倒车时候的安全与效率。 关键词 超声波；LED；测距；传感器 Abstract The design is based on 51 single-chip car reversing alarm device. Through the analysis of the basic principle of the automobile anti collision system, the characteristics and advantages of ultrasonic wave is used, and the combination of AT89C51 microcontroller and ultrasonic ranging system is combined.. The system uses the combination of hardware and software, hardware part mainly by ultrasonic transmitting and receiving circuit, MCU hardware interface circuit, digital display circuit and a power circuit and alarm circuit and software includes the main program, transmitting and receiving interrupt program, display and alarm subroutine and so on. Fully embody the advantages of multi - use and modularity. The driver can easily judge the rear if there is obstacle in the cab, greatly improving the safety and efficiency of parking and reversing time. Keywords Ultrasonic；LED；ranging；sensor 徐州工程学院毕业设计(论文) PAGE I 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc153 1 绪 论 PAGEREF _Toc153 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc3042 1.1 研究背景 PAGEREF _Toc3042 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc18572 1.2 研究的主要内容 PAGEREF _Toc18572 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc18542 2 电路方案选择 PAGEREF _Toc18542 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc29402 2.1 方案比较 PAGEREF _Toc29402 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc21070 2.1.1 激光测距法 PAGEREF _Toc21070 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc16634 2.2.1 超声波测距法 PAGEREF _Toc16634 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc4691 2.2 电路总体方案 PAGEREF _Toc4691 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc14561 3超声波测距模块 PAGEREF _Toc14561 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc23898 3.1 超声波传感器简介 PAGEREF _Toc23898 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc12209 3.2 HC-SR04超声波测距模块的性能特点 PAGEREF _Toc12209 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc8404 3.3 HC-SR04的管脚排列和电气参数 PAGEREF _Toc8404 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc24231 3.