英译汉常用方与技巧3.pptVIP

省略法 省略是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来，因为译文中虽无其词而已有其意，或者在译文中是不言而喻的。换言之，省略是删去一些可有可无的，或者有了反嫌累赘或违背译文语言习惯的词。但省略并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去。现从语法角度和修辞角度分别举例探讨省略法： 一、从语法角度来看 (一)省代词 1) He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable． 他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。 2) But it’s the way I am，and try as I might，I haven’t been able to change it． 但我就是这个脾气，虽然几经努力，却未能改 变过来。 (2)泛指的英语人称代词作主语时，即使是作第一个主语，译文中往往也可以省略。 1)We live and learn． 活到老，学到老。 2)You can never tell, 很难说。 2．省略作宾语的代词 英语中有些作宾语的代词，不管前面是否提到过， 翻译时往往可以省略。 1) The more he tried to hide his warts，the more he revealed them． 他越是要掩盖他的烂疮疤，就越是会暴露。 2) She laid her hand lightly on his arm as if to thank him for it． 她轻轻地把手放在他的胳膊上，好象表示感谢。 3．省略物主代词 He shrugged his shoulders，shook his head，cast up his eyes，but said nothing． 他耸耸肩，摇摇头，两眼看天，一句话不说。 (三)省略连接词 1．省略并列连接词 Despite the privation，and the mounting toll of dead and wounded ，however，morale remained intact，and people still smile in the street． 尽管供应不足，伤亡增加，然而士气并未受到影响。街上人们照常脸有笑容。 2．省略从属连接词 (1)省略表示原因的连接词 We knew spring was coming as (because) we had seen a robin． 我们看见了一只知更鸟，知道春天快要到了． (2)省略表示条件的连接词 If winter comes，can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗? (3)省略表示时间的连接词 At long last，on June 6，1944，after the European war was basically decided and Hitler licked，the allies launched their long-delayed western front． 一九四四年六月六日，欧洲战局基本已见分晓，希特勒 败局已定，盟军才终于迟迟开辟了西线战场。 (四)省略冠词 1)A teacher should have patience in his work． 当教员的应当有耐心。(省略表示类别的不 定冠词A) 2)The horse is a useful animal． 马是有益的动物。(省略表示类别的定冠词The) 二、从修辞角度来看 1)University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not． 报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。 (二)根据汉语习惯，译文中可以省略一些 可有可无的词。 There was still the faith that ordinary men are greater than the powers of nature or the mechanisms of man’s hands and will master them a