数字图像处理DigitalImageProcessing图像变换Image.ppt

数字图像处理 Digital Image Processing图像变换 Image Transformation 纪震博士Dr.Ji Zhen Faculty of Information Engineering, SZU 2003.01 Basic Concepts Image information can be transformed into different spaces by different transforms; T : X Y X is source space Y is object space Reversible Computation is simple in Transformed space Transform algorithm is simple Properties of Image Transforms Simplify algorithm. For example Convolution in spatial space —— Multiplication in frequency space Some characteristics of image can be recognized easily in transformed space. For example In Transformed space, image energy can be more concentrated, which can be used to compress the image. Several transformation can be used to extract features of images. For example： K-L Transformation Contents of Image Transformation Basis Images The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) The Hadamard-Walsh Transform The Haar Transform The Karhumen-Loeve Transform The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) Basis Images (基图) The inverse tow-dimensional transform can be viewed as reconstructing the image by summing a set of properly weighted basis images. A basis image can be generated by inverse transforming a coefficient matrix containing only one nonzero element, which is set to unity. Image transform can be written as： [F(u,v)]=A [ f (x,y)] BT [ f (u,v)]=A [F(x,y)] BT Where ，AT=[a1, a2, …,aN]， BT=[b1, b2, …,bN]， ai, bi is N×1 vector Basis Images Then is a N×N matrix Basis Images The basis images can be thought of as a set of basic components into which any image can be decomposed. They are also the building blocks from which any image can be reassembled. The forward transform does the decomposition by determining the coefficients. The inverse transform does the reconstitution by summing the basis images, weighted by those coefficients aij.