英语四级读美文【7】.docxVIP

Unit 7 Culture and Art文化艺术 Text 1 Renaissance Renaissance(文艺复兴) as a period in western civilization may be explained in different ways. But generally speaking, it refers to the period between the 14th and mid 17th century. The word “Renaissance” means revival, specifically in this period of history, revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture. Renaissance, therefore, in essence, was a historical period in which the European humanist(人文主义的) thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of conservatism(保守主义) in feudalist Europe and introduce new ideas that expressed in the interests of the rising bourgeoisie(资产阶级), to lift the restrictions in all areas placed by the Roman church authorities. During the period of Renaissance, old sciences revived and new sciences emerged, national languages and national cultures free from the absolute control of the Papal(罗马教皇的)authority in Rome took shape and art and literature flourished as never before. The absolute authority of the Roman Catholic Church was shaken and people in Europe came to a new awareness which was to help shape what Europe is today. Renaissance started in Florence(佛罗伦萨)and Venice (威尼斯) with the flowering of paintings, sculpture and architecture. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe. In different countries, however, the movement occurred in different periods with different emphasis. Where the impact on Italy was most strongly felt in fine arts, in France it was literature and in England it was philosophy and drama. [A] absolute [B] ancient [C] civilization [D] essence [E] embrace [F] flourished [G] impact [H] revived [I] restrictions [J] shaken 文艺复兴 在西方文明史中，对文艺复兴时期有着各种各样的解释。但一般来讲，它是指介于14世纪和17世纪中期的那段时期。“复兴”这个词的意思是复苏，在这段历史时期特指对古希腊和古罗马文化的兴趣的复苏。因此，从本质上讲，文艺复兴是欧洲人文主义思想家和学者试图摆脱封建制欧洲的保守主义，介绍代表上升的资产阶级利益的新思想，并解除罗马教廷在各个领域设置的禁锢的一个历史阶段。 在文艺复兴时期，旧科学得以复兴，新学科不断涌现，摆脱罗马教廷绝对控制的民族语言和民族文化成形了，文学和艺术比以往任何时期都更加繁荣。罗马天主教会的绝对权威动摇了，欧洲人有了新的意识，这种新意识对形成今日的欧洲起到了很大作用。 文艺复兴始于佛罗伦萨和威尼斯，绘画、雕塑和建筑的繁荣从意大利席卷到整个欧洲。不