产权与交易费用：公共品问题的理论分析-财政学专业论文.docxVIP

河北经贸大学硕士学位论文 Abst r act The theory of public goods is the bases of public finance or public economics, and it is related with the policy choice of public finance, and it is also related to line between the market and the government. The Neo-classical Economics the Public Choice theory studied the dilemma of market failure and government failure based on the suppose of perfect knowledge, as it was clarified that the market or the government could not supply the quantity of public goods with Pareto optimality. The New Institution Economics provide a new angle of view on the dilemma. There is not perfect knowledge in real world, and the transaction costs exist in any kind of transaction. The different institutions of property rights have very important effects on the efficient using of rare resources. The market failure government failure are origin of that it is very difficult to define property rights clearly, and it must exist transaction costs in this process. On point of these, this article makes public goods as some kind of property rights institution that people sharing some kind of resource cooperativly. On the view of the New Institution Economics, the market and the government are all nexus of rules. This article tries to construct a theory bridge between market failure and government failure, and it tries to construct a comprehensive analytical frame to the theory of public goods based on the theory of property rights the theory of transaction costs. This article confirms that the public or private character of some kind of resource is decided by that it could define exclusive property rights efficiently or not. The size of harvesting costs the excluding costs of some kind of resource constitute the bases of the exclusive property rights. Generally speaking, the Neo-classical Economics emphasizes effects on the two costs of technology. In fact, the informal rules inside a economy and the compulsive order of law have direct effects on the size of harvesti