查特吉后殖民民族主义思想分析-比较文学与世界文学专业论文.docxVIP

Abstract In traditional western theories, nationalism is considered as a project that has been determined in its cultural essence. In other words, they attribute the reason why the eastern nationalism is so different from the western one and why the two lead different developments after the establishment of national states to those cultural essences. As a brilliant post-colonial theorist, Partha Chatterjee strongly criticizes this kind of view. He looks into the history of the Third World nationalism, by using the theory of post-structuralism, and finally comes up with the point that there is not essential crack between eastern and western culture, the history of the Third World nationalism results from its interaction with colonial rationality. Inspired by Fanon, in order to clarify the relationship between nationalism and colonial rationality, Chatterjee divides the development of nationalism into three periods. It points out that as the discourse of decolonization and establishing national states, nationalism does not necessary to obey the western modes, but has gained certain subjectivity and has created a way with nation characteristics. Meanwhile, the nationalist elites may repeat the way of colonialism in the process of decolonization, thus results to the inner colonization. With the uncertain identity, they walk between the elite politics and the subaltern politics. From the aspects of religious sects, gender, class and caste, Chatterjee explores the inner colonization, leaving us more rethinking space on nationalism. What?s more, he thinks in the process of establishing national states, the strategy of “material and spiritual” dichotomy is full of contradictions, some of them even exist in the post-colonial time. As a resolution, he comes up with the concept of “Political Society”. Chatterjee?s post-colonial thought of nationalism is filled with the subaltern qualities, which puts nationalism theory into a new era. It is worthy for most Third World countri