超临界汽轮机轴向动静间隙有限元分析研究-动力工程专业论文.docxVIP

上海交通大学工程硕士学位论文摘要 上海交通大学工程硕士学位论文 摘要 万方数据 万方数据 超临界汽轮机轴向动静间隙有限元分析研究 摘 要 超临界汽轮机是超临界火电机组的三大主机之一，结构复杂，造价昂贵，若发生 事故而停机，会产生很大的经济损失。汽轮机的轴向动静间隙仅有几个毫米至十几个 毫米，若在设计时留有余量偏大，则影响汽轮机效率；若留有的余量不够，有可能在 汽轮机运行过程中发生动静碰磨，导致事故停机，严重影响机组的运行安全。如何在 设计阶段精确计算额定负荷稳态工况及启动和停机瞬态工况汽轮机汽缸轴向动静间 隙，成为汽轮机结构设计的关键问题之一。 本文以某型号超临界汽轮机的高中压缸为研究对象。采用 ANSYS 软件进行有限 元计算，给出了在额定负荷稳态工况下汽轮机高中压缸轴向动静间隙的计算方法，得 出了计算结果，并将计算结果与简化模型法计算结果进行了比较，对两种方法计算结 果产生差异的原因进行了分析。 冷态启动工况和滑参数停机工况构成了一个启停循环，能反映出汽轮机高中压缸 启停过程轴向动静间隙的变化。通过对冷态启动工况和正常停机工况下汽轮机高中压 缸轴向动静间隙的有限元计算，找出了 13 个轴向动静间隙设计不合格的部位，并提 出了相应的优化改进措施. 本文的研究工作对于汽轮机结构的优化设计和启停过程蒸汽温度的控制有重要 意义，保障了汽轮机的长周期安全运行。 关键词： 汽轮机，汽缸，轴向动静间隙，有限元 I 上海交通大学工程硕士学位论文ABSTRACT 上海交通大学工程硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT Finite element analysis and research of axial dynamic and static clearance of Supercritical steam turbine ABSTRACT Supercritical steam turbine is one of the three major equipments of a thermal power unit, its structure is complex, and its price is high. If the turbine shutdown for accidents, it may cause the fatal loss of economic. Axial dynamic and static clearance is only from sub millimeter to tens of millimeters. The excessive axial dynamic and static clearances cause the decrease of turbine efficiency; inadequate security remainder may lead to accidents, such as contact rubbing, shutdown and so on. These accidents have great influence on the safe operation of units. How to accurately calculate axial dynamic and static clearance of supercritical steam turbine under the rated and start-stop condition is still a nodus for the design of structure of steam turbines. The high intermediate pressure cylinder of a supercritical steam-turbine was studied on axial dynamic and static clearance by ANSYS. The calculating method of high intermediate pressure cylinders axial dynamic and static clearance under the rated condition is provided in the paper, and the results are obtained. These results are consistent with the results coming from simplified method. The differences are analyzed between the results of two methods. A recyc