厄瓜多尔学生汉语状语语序偏误分析-语言学及应用语言学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 摘 要 汉语是孤立语的典型代表，对孤立语来说，语序是表达语法意义必需的手段，这使 得汉语格外注重言而有序。作为屈折语的西班牙语，语法意义的表达侧重于依靠词形变 化。语序在两种语言中不同的功能和地位，导致以西班牙语为母语的厄瓜多尔学生在学 习汉语的过程中出现了许多语序上的偏误。笔者就在厄瓜多尔任教期间搜集的相关语 料，经过整理后发现学生状语语序偏误较为突出，也是学生学习汉语的一大难点。本文 采用对比分析法，运用中介语理论和偏误分析法，将汉语和西班牙语状语语序进行对比， 分析学生学习状语语序产生偏误的原因，并提出了解决这些问题的建议。全文共分五个 部分： 第一部分是绪论。首先对外汉语以西语为母语的学习者研究不够充分，指出语序强 调和语序教学对以西语为母语的学习者是非常重要且有必要的；其次说明本文研究范围 和研究方法；然后介绍了现代汉语语序研究综述成果和厄瓜多尔学生汉语语序偏误研究 成果；最后是本文的创新和不足。 第二部分是现代汉语与西班牙语中“状语”的比较。首先是状语在汉西两种语言中 的界定，其次说明在两种语言中充当状语相对应的成分和状语在两种语言中的不同位 置。 第三部分划分学生状语语序的偏误类型，主要分为单项状语偏误和多项状语偏误。 结果显示以西语为母语的厄瓜多尔学生最突出的偏误表现就是把状语放在谓语后或者 句末位置。 第四部分进一步从学生、教师、教材等方面分析学生出现偏误的原因。 第五部分针对学生偏误，对教师、教学方法、教材等提出相应的建议，以期减少学 生状语语序的偏误。 关键词 西班牙语 状语 语序 偏误分析 II II Abstract Abstract Chinese is the representative of isolating language in which language order is one of the important way to express grammatical meaning. However, Spanish is one of inflectional language in which inflections is the main way to express grammatical relations. Different functions and positions of language order in these two languages leads to many order errors when Ecuadorian students learnt Chinese. So the author collected some language corpus during the process of teaching Chinese in Ecuador. After sorting out the reference materials, the author found the errors about adverbial order was remarkably obvious. According to contrastive analysis, inter language theory and errors analysis, it contrasts the adverbial order between Chinese and Spanish, analyzes the reason about the adverbial order errors of students and proposes advice to solve these problems. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part: Introduction. Firstly, the study of teaching Chinese for native Spanish speakers is inadequate. As for native Spanish speakers, emphasis word orders and teaching on word orders are fairly important and necessary. Secondly, it states the topic basis of this article, research range and research method. Then it introduces research results of language order in modern Chinese and resea