人教版-高中-英语必修5unit-1全单元-课件.ppt

a）用作前置定语的过去分词通常来自及物动词，带有被动意义和完成意义。 例如： We like skating in the frozen lake in the winter. =We like skating in the lake which has been frozen in the winter. How many finished products have you got up to now? =How many products that have been finished have you got up to now? 来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置定语，能作这样用的仅限以下几个词，这时仅表示完成意义，不表示被动意义。例如： a retired worker=a worker who has retired an escaped prisoner=a prisoner who has escaped a faded / withered flower=a flower that has faded / withered fallen leaves=leaves that have fallen the risen sun=the sun that has just risen a returned student=a student who has returned vanished treasure=treasure that has vanished b) 用作后置定语的过去分词通常也来自及物动词，表示被动意义和完成意义。这时过去分词相当于一个定语从句。 例如： Things seen are better than things heard. =Things which are seen are better than things which are heard. The lobster broiled over charcoal was delicious. =The lobster which was broiled over charcoal was delicious. Ⅱ. 过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。用作表语的过去分词大多来自及物动词；不及物动词的过去分词能作表语的只限于少数表示位置转移的动词，如go, come, assemble等，它们用在连系动词之后，表示完成意义，无被动意义。例如： The man looked quite disappointed. He is greatly discouraged by her refusal. His hair is nearly all gone. 已经形容词化了的过去分词大多可作表语，常见的有accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, excited, frightened, hurt, interested, lost, satisfied, surprised, worried等。 Discovering useful structures Ex.2 Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning. Past Participle as the Attribute (1) Past Participle as the Attribute (2) 1 terrified people 1 people terrified of (cholera) 2 reserved seats 2 3 polluted water 3 4 a crowded room 4 5 a pleased winner 5 seats reserved by… water polluted by… a room crowded with… a winner pleased with… Past Participle as the Attribute (1) Past Participle as the Attribute (2) 6 6 children astonished at/by… 7 7 a vase broken by… 8 8 a door closed by… 9 9 the audience tired of… 10 10 an animal trapped in/by… astonished children