经合组织国家规制改革报告.pdf

REGULATORY REFORM: EXPERIENCE FROM OECD COUNTRIES 经合组织国家规制改革报告 English 中文 OECD Public Governance and Territorial Development Directorate 2 rue André Pascal 75775 Paris Cedex 16 FRANCE /regreform TABLE OF CONTENTS GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR REGULATORY QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE 2 REGULATORY REFORM IN OECD COUNTRIES 8 REGULATORY IMPACT ANALYSIS IN OECD COUNTRIES CHALLENGES FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 36 DRAFT GLOSSARY OF USEFUL TERMS 词汇 67 监管质量和绩效的指导原则 71 经合组织国家规制改革报告 77 OECD 国家的规制影响分析:发展中国家面临的挑战 103 1 GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR REGULATORY QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE From 1997 to 2005: The Evolution of Regulatory Policy The goal of regulatory reform is to improve national economies and enhance their ability to adapt to change. Better regulation and structural reforms are necessary complements to sound fiscal and macroeconomic policies. Continual and far-reaching social, economic and technological changes require governments to consider the cumulative and inter-related impacts of regulatory regimes, to ensure that their regulatory structures and processes are relevant and robust, transparent, accountable and forward-looking. Regulatory reform is not a one-off effort but a dynamic, long-term, multi-disciplinary process. The first set of OECD policy recommendations for regulatory reform was endorsed by Ministers in 1997. They have provided guidance to member countries to improve regulatory policies and tools, strengthen