卫星观测在灾害性天气之应用—以台风为例.pdf

衛星觀測 在災害性天氣之應用 — 以颱風為例 紀水上 中央大學大氣科學系 中國文化大學大氣科學系 真理大學通識教育中心 摘要 本文 利用衛星雲圖辨識颱風眼、眼牆、外圍螺旋 雲帶和外流卷雲帶等雲系特 徵 ，同時也探討這些雲系特徵與颱風強度之演變及降雨特徵。結果顯示，艾利颱 風和蘇力颱風過境台灣期間，颱風雲系結構受地形影響不大，因此其所伴隨的雲 牆和外圍雲帶導致台灣北部強風豪雨。 研究又顯示，颱風之暖溼氣流和東北季風在台灣東部海面共伴而激發對流雲 的形成，對流區上空高對流層的輻散 /分流提供強上升運動，有利於該等對流雲 之形成與加強，衛星雲圖顯現之外流卷雲帶在提供辨識高層輻散重要線索。 關鍵詞：眼 、眼牆、螺旋 雲帶 、外流卷雲帶 413 Satellite Applications on Hazard Weather – for example, Typhoon Shui-Shang Chi *1*2*3 *1 Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University *2 Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Chinese Culture University *3 Center for General Education, Aletheia University Abstract Satellite imageries are used to identify the characteristics of eye, eye wall, outer spiral bands as well as outflow cirrus bands of typhoons in the present study. The features of these cloud systems relating to the evolution of typhoon intensity and the rainfall distribution are also explored. Results show that during the typhoons Aere and Soulik passed, the cloud structures of the two typhoons were affected slightly by the Taiwan terrain. The wall clouds and outer cloud bands produced strong wind and torrential rain. The study also shows that the deep convections were produced by the interaction between the moist and warm flow brought by typhoon and northeast monsoon over the sea to the east Taiwan. The upper level divergence/deflection flow over the 414 convections provided strong upward motion which is favorable condition to the convections initiation and