二十一世纪英汉新词的比较研究-外国语言学与应用语言学专业论文.docxVIP

Classified Index: H313.1 U.D.C.: 316.1 Graduation Thesis for the M. A. Degree A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Neologisms in the 21st Century Candidate: Wang Lu Supervisor: Prof. Li Xiaohong Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Arts Specialty: Foreign Linguistics and Applied Linguistics Affiliation: School of Foreign Languages Date of Defence: July 5, 2007 Degree Conferring Institution : Harbin Institute of Technology 摘要 新词是指某一时期在社会各方面因素影响下产生并得到广泛使用的词 汇。这些词汇反映了某一时期的社会、政治、经济及文化特征。进入二十一 世纪以来，科学技术的高速发展带动了经济的腾飞，政治、文化等方面也发 生了巨大的变化。伴随着这种变化，出现了许多新生事物，由此产生了大量 的新生词汇。英语和汉语是当今世界使用最广泛的语言。因此，对英汉新词 的比较研究已经受到语言学者及外语教学者们的广泛关注。 在本文中，作者收集了大量二十一世纪产生的英汉新词，这些新词大多 源于《21 世纪英语新词词典》、《现代汉语新词词典》、《美国语》、网络杂志及 网络新词典。由于新词的产生具有速度快，数量大的特点，本文重点讨论了 具有代表性的三种新词：科技新词、网络新词以及新闻新词。对于新词的研 究，许多语言学家或学者侧重总结新词的种类，而本文分别从词汇学、语义 学及社会语言学的角度重点分析比较二十一世纪英汉新词的形成、语义特征 及发展的相同点与不同点。 对英汉新词的比较研究，不仅能够使学习者更好地了解英汉新词之间的 异同点，而且能够使学习者更清晰地掌握东西方文化的特征与社会的发展动 态，同时也能为英汉翻译工作者提供了帮助。作为语言中最为活跃的成分， 词汇历来是外语教学的难点，对英汉新词的比较研究有助于外语教学内容的 更新。 关键词 新词；构词；语义特征；社会因素 Abstract Neologisms refer to the words coined to represent new things that turn up in society. They are used frequently and accepted by most people. The continuous appearance of neologisms is an important social phenomenon. They play a role of mirror in the development of society and they are sensitive to the changes of society. In the new century featured by rapid development in science and technology, new things emerge and corresponding new words are coined by the public. In modern society, English and Chinese have become the most influential languages in the world. Therefore, more and more linguists and foreign language teachers have begun to pay more attention to the comparative study of English and Chinese neologisms. Neologisms selected for analysis in this thesis come from a few sources: The renowned journal American Speech, famous dictionaries, such as A Dictionary of 21st Century English New Words, A Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese New Words, some online magazines