制冷原理教学课件第一章制冷与低温的热力学基础1.ppt

1 Thermodynamic fundamentals of refrigeration and cryogenic engineering 1.1 Methods of refrigeration 1.1.1 Refrigeration by phase change 第一章 制冷与低温的热力学基础 第一节 制冷的方法 一、相变制冷 * * William Cullen and his student Joseph Black ( 1755, English ) Ice Ether Vacuum pump Ether Vacuum pump * * Refrigeration by phase change 相变制冷 Melting Sublimating Phase change Pressure drop Normal Boiling Point Critical Point Tb（K） tb（℃） Tc（K） tc（℃） C2H6O 351.5 78.3 516.2 243.0 Ether 307.8 34.6 467.2 194 SO2 263.2 -10 430.7 157.5 NH3 239.9 -33.3 406.2 133.0 CO2 194.8 -78.4 304.3 31.1 C2H4 169.5 -103.7 282.5 9.3 CH4 1