世界海洋工程与科技发展趋势与启示.PDF

他山之石   世界海洋工程与科技的发展趋势与启示 DOI 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.02.018 世界海洋工程与科技的发展趋势与启示 “中国海洋工程与科技发展战略研究”项目综合组 摘要：本文通过对世界海洋工程与科技发展所呈现的海洋开发技术和设备不断进步推动海洋资源全面开发利用，海洋能源开 发利用已成为各海洋国家发展的重要支柱，海洋生物资源开发一直是世界各国竞争热点，海洋污染控制和防范受到国际社会 的高度关注，海陆关联工程与技术在现代海洋开发中发挥越来越重要的作用等特点与趋势的梳理与分析，获得如下启示：强 化全民海洋意识，推进海洋强国战略；加强科技创新，提升海洋工程与科技的竞争力；优化产业结构，大力扶持海洋新兴产 业；健全管理体制，建立协调发展机制；加强海洋保护，保障资源可持续利用。 关键词：海洋工程；海洋科技；发展趋势；启示 中图分类号：P745 文献标识码：A Development Trends and Implication in Marine Engineering and Technology Task Force for the Study on Development Strategy of China’s Marine Engineering and Technology Comprehensive Research Group Abstract: The paper examines current state and trends of the marine engineering and technologies around the world and attempts to extrapolate lessons for China’s development efforts. The major characteristics and tendency of the world ocean development come in the form of advanced equipment and technology, which are used as the main force for promoting ocean resource exploitation, ocean energy exploration and extraction as an important industry to the world’s countries; living marine resources as a competitive focus, marine pollution management and prevention as the priority issue, and land-sea integration engineering as an important part for marine development. In-depth analysis of the aforementioned characteristics and trends allows us reach a list of important recommendations. Therefore China should strengthen its awareness of national ocean policy issues and enhance ocean development position as part of its the national development strategy; promote science and technology innovation; optimize marine industrial infrastructure and vigorous- ly support emerging marine industries; improve its comprehensive management system and establish a mechanism for the coordinated development; strengthen protection of resources and the environment and keep sustain