地塞米松预防口腔颌面部术后并发症的的疗效观察.docVIP

地塞米松预防口腔颌面部术后并发症的的疗效观察 　　[摘要] 目的 探?地塞米松预防口腔颌面部术后并发症的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2014年12月～2016年1月于笔者所在医院行口腔颌面部手术的91例患者资料， 根据患者术后用药不同，将其分为观察组（46例）与对照组（45 例）。对照组在治疗原发病的基础上，采用抗生素治疗3～5d。观察组则在对照组的基础上，给予地塞米松治疗。观察两组患者的肿胀程度、术区疼痛、瘢痕及感染的发生率。结果 术后观察组患者有9例出现瘢痕、1例感染，而对照组患者18例出现瘢痕，9例患者并发感染。观察组的瘢痕、感染发生率均明显低于对照组， 差异均具有统计学意义（P0.05）。观察两组患者疼痛发生情况，观察组无一例患者严重疼痛，其Ⅱ～Ⅲ级疼痛患者7例，明显少于对照组的27例，差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。术后观察组无一例出现严重肿胀，仅3例出现Ⅱ度肿胀，相对于对照组10例患者出现Ⅱ～Ⅲ度肿胀，观察组患者肿胀程度有明显减轻，差异显著，有统计学意义（P0.05）。结论 地塞米松可有效的降低口腔颌面部手术患者术后肿胀程度，减轻患者术后疼痛程度、降低瘢痕、感染的发生率，值得临床广泛应用。 　　[关键词] 地塞米松；口腔；颌面部；并发症 　　[中图分类号] R271.14 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616（2016）20-203-03 　　Effect of dexamethasone on prevention of postoperative complications inoral and maxillofacial surgery 　　GAO Hui 　　Department of Stomatology， the Third Hospital of Fujin， Heilongjiang， Fujin 156100， China 　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of dexamethasone in prevention of postoperative complications in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods the clinical data of 91 patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery in our hospital from December 2014 to January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different drugs after surgery， the patients were divided into observation group （46 cases） and control group（n=45）. The control group was treated with antibiotics for 3 to 5 days. On the basis of the control group， the observation group was treated with dexamethasone. The swelling degree， pain， scar and incidence of infection in the two groups were observed. Results There were 9 patients with scar and 1 cases of infection in the observation group， while there were 18 patients with scar and 9 patients with infection in the control group. The incidence of scar and infection in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （P 　　[Key words] Dexamethasone； Oral cavity； Maxillofacial region； Complication 　　由于口腔特殊的解剖结构和生理功能， 患者在行口腔颌面部手术后极易产生肿胀，特别是经过缝合手术后的术区，因而引起疼痛、感染等各种并