初中--英语情态动词讲解-练习与答案.doc

~ ~~~ 情态动词 考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time: sometimes: “有时”=at times. He is sometimes late for school. some times: “几次” I have been to Nanjing some times. sometime: “某一时刻” I bought it sometime last spring. We’ll meet again sometime next week. some time: “一段时间” We have to stay here for some time. 2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little (1)many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。例如： 许多书 许多牛奶  (2)a few和a little都表示有一点儿，侧重于肯定，相当于some，但a few修饰可数名词， a little修饰不可数名词，例如：He has a few friends in London. Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a little. (3)few和little表示几乎没有，侧重否定。few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词。例如：He is a strange man. He has few words. Hurry up, there is little time left. 【固定搭配】加-ing be busy doing sth. 忙于做…… eg: Mother is busy cooking. look forward to + doing sth. 期待做…… eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again. Thank you for (doing) sth. 为了…感谢你 eg: Thank you for your help. have fun doing sth愉快地做某事 eg: I had great fun playing in the water. =have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water. have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难 eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours. 【情态动词】 又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点： ⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用，即：情态动词＋动词原形 表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。 ⑵ 绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s （以be和have 开头的情态动词短语除外）。 ⑶ 在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性”。 例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。 【情态动词的基本用法】 1. can的基本用法： ⑴ 表示体力或智力上的能力，即“能够，会”，可与be able to转换。 例：He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.? —Can you play basketball?? — No, I can’t.? 如果表示将来具备的能力，要用will be able to。 例：If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.? ⑵ 表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。 例：—Can we go home now, please?? — No, you can’t.? You can only smoke in this room.? You can’t keep the library books for more than a month.? ⑶ 表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。 例：What can he possibly want? 在否定句中，否定形式can’t表示推测“不大可能”。 例：Anybody can make mistakes.? The news can’t be true.?