指示代词学习课件.ppt

［误］The days in summer are longer than this in winter.［正］The days in summer are longer than those in winter.［析］在比较句中往往为了避免重复，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是单数时用that,复数时用those，如：The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Chang Chun. 误］—　Whos this speaking.—　Thats Mary.［正］—　Whos that speaking.—　This is Mary.［析］在电话用语中，this指讲话人自己，而that指对方。 . 2.Such same的用法 （1）主语,指上面所说的情况. Such is life. The same is the case with her. 她的情况也是一样. （2）宾语 We will not tolerate another such. We must say all the same. ［误］It is so a good book that everyone likes to read. ［正］It is such a good book that everyone likes to read. ［正］It is so good a book that everyone likes to read. ［析］在可数名词单数时可用so+形容词+不定冠词+名词+that从句，也可用such+不定冠词+形容词+that从句。 * 指示代词 指示代词的形式: 指示代词专门用来指出或标示人或物,它们是:this(这个), that(那个),these(这些),those(那些),such(这样的),same(同样的). 1. this, that, these, those的用法 指示代词的概念 those these 复数 that this 单数 远指 近指 指示代词 1).指示代词的句法功能 (1)作主语 These aren’t my books. 这些不是我的书。 Who’s that speaking？你是谁？ (2)作宾语 She will do that.她愿做这件事。 Do you like these？你喜欢这吗？ (3)作表语 My idea is this.我的意见是这样的。 Oh，it’s not that.哦，问题不在那儿。 (4)作定语 This book is about Chinese traditional medicine. 这本书是讲中医的。 I like those flowers.我喜欢这些花。 2）this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil．　 We are busy these days．　 In those days the workers had a hard time 3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，that 指代前面出现过的单数名词或不可数名词. those指代复数名词. 例如： This painting is not so good as that I saw in the gallery yesterday. (that 代替the painting) The weather in Beijng is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter. (that代替 the weather) The television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai．(those 代替 the television sets) 4)this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack