初中--英语主谓一致讲解.doc

~ PAGE ~~~ 初　中　英　语　主　谓　一　致 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致 主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致原则． 单数名词(代词)或不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数。 The desk is Tom’s.　　　Some water is in the bottle. 　 　　The students are playing football on the playground. 　　 ２. 表示时间、价格、重量、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，谓语用单数形式。 One and a half hours is enough. Twenty dollars is enough. 　Two monthshas passed. 　 Tweney pounds isn’t so heavy. ３. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： To see is to believe.眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. ４. 主语为one of , each of等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。如： One of my favorite sports is basketball.　　 Each of them has an English dictionary.　 ５.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如： Is everyone here today？ 　Something is wrong with him. 　　Nobody was in. ６. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。 　　Neither answer is correct两个答案都不正确。 ７. 有些以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics等。 　　No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。 　　Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。 ８. people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式， The police(警方)are searching for the robbers.　　People here are very friendly. 　 ９. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。 10“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。 　The Smiths are having dinner. 11. a number of+pl.n“许多…”表示复数；the number of +pl.n“…的数字”表示单数。 　　A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。 　　The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。 12. 当kind of,pair of, glass of 等短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。　 This pair of trousers is very new, but Tom’s trousers are very old. 　 There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有两杯水。 13. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。　 　　The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 　穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。 　　The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 14 or, either…or…，neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语以及here，there开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词采用就近原则。 Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。 Either this one or that one i