发电机挡块组件有限元剖析.docVIP

发电机挡块组件有限元剖析 　　摘 要:为分析抽水蓄能发电机挡块组件的von Mises应力(以下简称应力)分布情况,在MSC Marc中建立有限元模型,分别采用截面法和渗透接触法对螺栓施加预紧力,通过对发电机挡块组件处于稳定转速、抽水启动、抽水停机、发电启动、发电停机和甩负荷等工况的非线性接触分析,得到各工况下该发电机挡块组件的应力分布. 结果表明,2种螺栓预紧力的施加方法是等效的;各工况下最大应力均发生在螺栓圆角处;转速大小对应力分布起决定性作用. 该结果可为抽水蓄能发电机挡块组件结构的分析设计提供参考. 　　关键词:发电机挡块; 截面法; 渗透接触法; 预紧力; 非线性接触; 有限元分析; MSC Marc 　　中图分类号:TK730.2;TK730.3;TB115 文献标志码:A 　　 　　Finite element analysis on generator stopper component 　　ZHANG Wei,ZHENG Bailin,HE Pengfei 　　(School of Aerospace Eng. Applied Mechanics, Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China) 　　Abstract: To analyze the von Mises stress(here in after referred to as stress) distribution of pumped storage generator stopper component, the finite element model is established in MSC Marc, and the pre,tightening force is exerted on bolt by using section method and penetration contact method separately. Through the nonlinear contact analysis of the cases such as steady speed, pumping start, pumping stop, power generation start, power shutdown, load rejection and so on, the stress distribution of the generator stopper under each case is obtained. The results show that the two methods for exerting pre,tightening force on bolt are equivalent; the maximum stress under each case is in the bolt fillet region; and the rotating speed has a decisive effect on stress distribution. The results can provide reference for the analysis and design of pumped storage generator stopper component. 　　Key words: generator stopper; section method; penetration contact method; pre,tightening force; nonlinear contact; finite element analysis; MSC Marc 　　 　　0 引 言 　　电力系统需调峰调频和备用容量,抽水蓄能电站是最佳选择.抽水蓄能机组启动快速,适用调节负荷范围广,不但能很好地完成调峰任务、改善电网运行,而且在提高水电效益、有效利用能源上都有明显功效. 　　与常规水轮发电机相比,启动和停机问题在蓄能机组的日常运行中占据非常重要的地位.本文以某发电机挡块组件为例,采用MSC Marc建立有限元模型,对发电机挡块组件处于稳定转速、抽水启动、抽水停机、发电启动、发电停机、甩负荷等工况进行分析,得到在各工况下该发电机挡块组件的von Mises应力(以下简称应力)分布,为结构的设计分析提供参考. 　　1 发电机挡块组件有限元模型 　　某发电机挡块组件由固定螺栓、垫片、挡块、限位块以及两侧的环氧树脂挡板等组成,用UG NX 　　4.0建立各部件的几何模型,对实际模型进行简化处理,忽略其中半径微小的圆角及小孔.将几何模型导入HyperMesh中划分网格,用