网络互动营销的几个关键点.pptVIP

Example – High-impedance scheme CT requirements: CTs dedicated to bus protection (cannot be shared) Equal CT ratios* The accuracy class voltage rating of the CT with the lowest accuracy class above the selected voltage setting, with margin * Ratio matching covered but discouraged Application of bus protection Partial differential Loads Capacitor banks Application with overcurrent and distance relays Combined bus and transformer zone Buses with directly connected grounding transformers Application of auxiliary transformers Generally discouraged Application of bus protection Applications with paralleled CTs Generally discouraged Guidelines included Application of bus protection Application of auxiliary tripping relays Lockout relays Non-lockout relays Ratings Automatic reclosing after bus faults Dynamic bus replica Check-zone Voltage trip supervision Dynamic bus replica Position of switches and breakers “If not opened, then closed” logic In-service transfer In-service transfer In-service transfer Check zone Check zone Application of bus protection Application of CT trouble detection Detection methods Fallback strategies Reliable, selective tripping at the differential zone boundary Line-side CT Bus-side CT Bus coupler considerations The role of Breaker Failure protection Line-side CT Bus coupler considerations Bus coupler considerations Application of bus protection CT column ground fault protection In-zone grounds Surge arresters Safety grounds and circulating current while testing In-zone grounding of out-of-service elements In-service transfer of network elements and breaker substitution Breaker substitution Application of bus protection Stub bus considerations Breaker Failure considerations Backup protection Local backup Duplicated relays BF, batteries, wiring Reverse-looking distance relays Overcurrent relays Remote backup Annexes Setting example for a high-impedance scheme (Annex A) Logic example for double-bus single-breaker configuration (Annex B) Bus