初高中英语衔接--句子成分与句子分析11.doc

最新精品文档，知识共享！ 初高中英语衔接 ----句子成分与句子分析 一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 8. There is going to be an American film tonight. 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10. His wish is to become a scientist. 总结：句子成分 句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。 英语的基本成分有八种：___________ 、谓语、________ 、宾语 、_________ 和状语 、___________和 同位语 。 主 语（subject） 二、找出下列句子的主语并说明由什么词充当 1.Walls have ears. 2. He will take you to the hospital. 3.Three plus four equals seven. 4.To see is to believe. 5.Smoking is not allowed in public places. 6.Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 7.To learn English well is very important. 总结： 1.主语是句子所要说明的人或事物表示句子所说的是”什么人”或”什么事物”,是句子的主体。 2.主语的位置通常_______________，一般不省略.(但要注意there be结构,祈使句和疑问句) 3.可以担当主语的有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式(it作形式主语)、动词ing和主语从句。 谓语动词（predicate verb） 三、找出下列句子的谓语 1. These boys like swimming. 2. I wrote a letter just now. 3. Mary runs very fast. 4. Those people are talking. 5. We can swim. 6. They don’t want to have a picnic. 7. He stood up and walked towards me.. 总结： 位置：______________之后 可以充当谓语的有：实义动词/系动词 说明主语的动作或状态的句子成分,说明主语”干什么,是什么或怎么样”. ② 句子必有谓语. ③ 谓语动词的位置一般在______________之后。 ④ 谓语动词由a)实义动词或系动词担任b)助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。 表语（predicative） 四、找出下列句子的表语 My father is a professor. Whos that? Its me. Everything here is dear to her. The match became very exciting. The story of my life may be of help to others. Three times five is fifteen. His plan is to seek work in the city. My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. 总结：表语（predicative）是用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态的， 它的位置在________________之后主要说明主语 “是什么或怎么样”. 可作表语的有名词、代词、形容词与分词、数词、动词不定式、介词短语、副词以及表语从句等。 什么是系动词？ 1、本身有一定的词义,但不能