ICU血流感染及血培养资料教程.ppt

主要内容;危重病血流感染的易感因素;危重病血流感染的易感因素;血流感染常见病原体;长期应用抗生素：真菌感染，念珠菌（白念）多见，近来曲霉菌等其它真菌感染增加 感染源、感染途径： 外源性感染：交叉感染 内源性感染：自身感染;血流感染病原体流行病学资料;N Engl J Med 2006;355:666-674. ;血流感染的临床诊断;血流感染的临床诊断;血流感染的病原学诊断;血流感染的病原学诊断;菌血症;脓毒症;血流感染抗感染治疗三原则;血流感染诊疗路径三阶段;经验性抗感染治疗的依据;经验性抗感染治疗的作用;血培养检测脓毒症;如何提高血培养阳性率;何谓血培养？;阳性血培养检测临床意义;血培养假阳性带来的困惑;影响血培养结果的因素;血培养的最佳检出率;采集血培养的最佳时间？;需要采集多少份血培养？;Very interesting findings were shown: when only two blood cultures were considered, approximately 10% of the BSIs would be missed. In addition, important differences between microorganisms were observed: in the two blood cultures taken first, a sensitivity of 97% was reached for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, while just 85% sensitivity was reached for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. ;The results of this study indicate that two blood cultures in a 24 h period will detect approximately 90% of bloodstream infections in adults. To achieve a detection rate of 99%, as many as four blood cultures may be needed. ;每次采集血培养的间隔时间？;应采集多少血液？;血培养瓶应孵育多久？;结语