主谓一致--知点总结+练习.docVIP

PAGE 6 主谓一致(Subject-Verb Agreement) 一、考点、热点回顾 、主谓一致的定义 “主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如are, were, have等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is, was, has, works等。 它通常依据三项原则： 1） 语法一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2） 意义一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 语法上一致 就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。因此也成为形式一致原则。 1．he likes English. 2．we all like English 1.由and连接的两个主语 (1) 如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。 E.g: My English teacher and my class-teacher are talking with each other. 如果指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。 E.g: My English teacher and class-teacher is Miss Wang. ※由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no， each， every， more than a （an） ， many a （an）修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 E.g: Many a boy and many a girl Every boy and every girl Each boy and each girl wants to see the film. No boy and no girl More than a boy and more than a girl 2. 如果主语是不定式，动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。 　 他正在做的事情看起来很重要。 What he is doing seems very important. 收集邮票是他的爱好。 Collecting stamps is his hobby. ※由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式， 但若?在主系表结结构中表语是复数 What he left to me were some books. ? wh-从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to me. What he thought and did at home have nothing to do with this problem. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with， together with， along with, except， but，besides，in addition to, like， as well as， rather than， more than， no less than， including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。 with as well as together with / along with Tim besides/ except/but/in addition to +ten boys playing basketball. like including rather than no less than 在定语从句时，关系代词that， who， which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 如：1) He is one of my friends who are working hard. He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式